Chapter 8 Native Americans and Multi racial Group Members Terminology American Indian or Alaska Native Individuals whose ancestry originates from the original peoples of North and South American Nation or Tribe Different groups of American Indians Multi racial Bi racial people and those who have more than two identifiable racial backgrounds History of American Indians in North America History of American Indians Early History Original inhabitants of North America Indian Removal Act 1830 Trail of Tears Forceful assimilation into the American society resulted in the loss of many cultural values Indian Citizenship Act 1924 extended citizenship to Indians born in U S Quest for Self Determination Indian Child Welfare 1978 American Indian Religious Freedom Act 1978 Tribal Self Governance Act 1994 Relevant Legislation Employment Legislations On reservation or trust lands employment is governed by tribal regulations Outside trust land AI and AN individuals are protected under Title VII of the CRA 1964 Prohibits discrimination based on religion Requires reasonable accommodation for religious practices of employees and applicants Research on American Indians At Work American Indians At Work Little research exists on work experiences of AI Causes Small proportion of American Indians Invisibility of some American Indians ancestry General Social Surveys indicate that compared to Whites American Indians were less o Likely to feel secure in their jobs o Satisfied with their present financial situation American Indian and Alaskan Native Women Race and Gender Related Disadvantages High infant mortality rate Victims of violence and involuntary sterilization Questionable removal of children from homes Lower earnings and higher likeability to live in poverty when compared to other ethnic groups Multi racial Group Members Racial Determination 2000 Census provided the first opportunity to state membership in multiple racial categories Miscegenation was deemed illegal till 1967 One drop rule Having one Black ancestor deems a person to be Black Passing Conscious concealment of invisible non dominant group membership Population Population and Legislation Census 2000 7 million people reported that they belong to two or more races Census 2010 9 million people reported to be multi racial With increasing interracial relationships multi racial population will also increase Legislation protected under Title VII of the CRA Amerasians Amerasian Population Refers to children born of American servicemen and Vietnamese women during the Vietnam War Includes children born of American servicemen and Asian women Vietnamese Amerasian Homecoming Act of 1987 Formalized attempts to bring many Amerasians and their families to the United States Recommendations for Individuals and Organizations Recommendations Individuals should continue to maintain an alliance with their native traditions and culture Organizations should o Consciously support AI AN and include them in diversity efforts o Actively recruit AI AN employees from universities that have sizable AI AN populations Organizational Recommendations Identify and remove barriers in the organizational environment that impact specific AI AN populations Support multi racial groups by o Creating a culture of nondiscrimination that helps avoid inadvertent discrimination against invisibly multi racial people o Avoiding the grouping of multi racials based on perceived identity Multi racial ppl have lower average age than single race ppl FALSE