Gender Work Work Gender Sex Inequality at Work CMN 396 RCGW WORK DEFINED Work activities where production of goods and services for one s own use in exchange for pay There are three types of work Forced Work performed under compulsion provides little or no pay ex Sweatshops child labor prisoners chain gangs Market Work paid work people perform for themselves others Non Market Work non paid work people perform for themselves others More for themselves than others INDUSTRIALIZATION The distinction between market nonmarket work by product of industrialization History of work was not viewed as separate from life Ex Life was Work Industrialization development of capitalism was work equated with paid activity As workers increased terms like unpaid nonmarket domestic work to describe plain old fashioned unpaid work that people and generations have done for years SEX GENDER Sex term of classification based on human biology ex chromosomes and reproductive organs Gender represents a classification that social actors construct that typically exaggerates the difference between females and males Sex Differentiation classifying people into categories based on sex Opposite Sex reveals how society construes males and females as not just different but diametrically opposed It is essential for a system of inequality to treat sexes differently Sex Gender Hierarchy generally favors males over females GENDER DIFFERENTIATION Gender Differentiation defined as the social processes that create and exaggerate biological differences Distinguishes female activities interests and places as either male or Social Construction Gender the process of converting males and females who are vastly more similar than different in biological terms e g masculinity vs feminitity SEX DISCRIMINATION AND SEX SEGREGATION Sex Discrimination and sex segregation is used to discuss the organizational practices and societies treatment of females and males March for the Family in Mexico City NEWS FAMILY HOMOSEXUALITY Mon Sep 26 2016 4 47 pmEST The term sex highlights the social cultural influence of sex and how it impacts their interactions with others Gender Ideology Gendered Organizations assist patriarchy by ranking men higher than women thys establishing a hierarchy Massive Mexico City pro family march protests gay marriage gender ideology MEXICO CITY September 26 2016 LifeSiteNews Hundreds of thousands of demonstrators marched through the heart of Mexico City on Saturday to protest a proposed constitutional amendment to create homosexual marriage and adoption in Mexico as well as plans to impose sex education inspired by gender ideology The marchers walked from the National Auditorium down the city s main avenue the Paseo de la Reforma to the Angel of Independence one of the most important monuments of the city Although city officials estimated attendance at 20 000 march organizers and Church officials cited estimates of 400 000 450 000 Drone video provided by organizers indicated a large crowd stretching down the Paseo de la Reforma but the video did not include a flyover of the entire march route Demonstrators dressed in the customary white shirts of Mexico s pro family movement chanted and held signs with such slogans as You can see it you can feel it the family is defending itself The family united will never be defeated Biology not ideology and We re not one we re not a GENDERED WORK Typically most common language and studies use the word gender as a verb Example we perform and do gender Thus our activities of our daily behavior is gendered It is through our language communication and action that we engage in gendering and create gener differences Sexual Division of Labor the designation of various tasks assigned to women and men in organizations It is a essential aspect of work and work life THE DEVALUATION OF WOMEN S WORK The devaluation of women and their work tasks is rooted in mainstream cultures and religions of the world In addition it is the devaluation of women and their work is the key factor in the pay difference between men and women A large number of men hold positions involving human activities which are identified as the standard Thus all other work activities are often viewed as inferior THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENDER ON THE JOB Given that gender is socially constructed gender in the organization or work is result of the ways organizational members produce and organize work and how organizational members produce goods and services for the workplace Gender Displays each organizational creates language or rituals within the workplace It is how language and rituals are displayed as a characteristic of one sex that the workplace labels that as only belonging to that one sex SEX INEQUALITY AT WORK SEX SEGREGATION The concentration of men and women in different types of work Discrimination treating people unequally because of personal characteristics that are not related to their performance Sexual Harassment is a form of discrimination under Title VII Statistical Discrimination discrimination against women in the belief that employing women will reduce profits because they are less productive or more costly to employ SEX INEQUALITY IN THE WORKPLACE Gender Ideology a set of widely shared assumptions about the way the sexes are and what the interactions are between them and how they ought to be Paternalism the assumption of male superiority Sex Stereotypes shared beliefs that connect traits attributes and skills with one sex or the other Dominant Groups privileged individuals Subordinate Groups less powerful individuals