September 4, 2015LIFE102StackAcid, Bases, and pHDetermining Solute Concentrations in Aqueous Solutions- Need to knowo Atomic weighto Molecular weight (atomic weight of all molecules) Ie. H2OH-1 O-162(1)+(16)= 18 daltons- Avogadro’s Number: 6.02214 x 10^23 (known as mole)o 1 mol= 1 g Ie. 0.1 mol of glucose 180g X 0.118 g/L = .1 molar solution- Volume (in L) x molarity= molarity in the solutionAcids, Bases, and pH- 1/554, 000, 000 molecules are iodized- Ie. 1000 mL18/1000g= 55.56 mol X 6.02 x 10^23334.44 x 10^23 X 1/554 x 10^66.03 x 10^16/6.02 x 10^23 = 1 x 10^-7 H+ 1 x 10^-7 OH-- pH: negative log of the hydrogen ion concentrationSeptember 4, 2015LIFE102Stacko ie. 1 x 10^ -7 pH=7o Maintains equilibrium in an organism- Acid: decrease the pH level in a systemo Done by donating protonso Strong acids: completely iodize a system Ie. HClo Weak acids: don’t completely iodize Ie. Vinegaro Any pH lower than 7 is an acid- Base: pick up protons out of a solutiono Strong base: completely iodize  Ie. Sodium hydroxide o Weak base: does not completely iodize Ie. Ammonia- Buffer: chemicals that keeps pH from fluctuating too mucho Can be both acids and bases in order to do its job; will release/ receive protons Ie. Carbonic acid in human