August 28, 2015LIFE 102StacksDiversity of Life and Evolution- Taxonomy attempts to organize the diversity of lifeLife- 3 domainso Bacteria (prokaryotes) No nucleuso Archaea (prokaryotes) No nucleuso Eukarya (eukaryotes) All organisms with a nucleusEarliest Life Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Animalia Plantae Fungi Protists*diameter: 1x10^-6x10^-10m weight: 1.7x10^-24 g (Dalton)**weight: 1/1836 daltonsPhylogenic TreeAugust 28, 2015LIFE 102Stacks- ClassificationsMost Inclusive Domain (largest, broad)KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusLeast Inclusive Species (small, specific)Evolution- Biology is more than a mass of disconnected facts- Evolution is the main theme of biologyo It makes sense of all of the factso “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”- Evolutions Concept: inherited traits change from generation to generation o Fossils and other evidence documents the evolution of life on Earth over billions of years- The scientific evidence shows that all organisms living on Earth today are modified decedents and ancestors of fossils found. - Evolution: accounts for the similarity/ change throughout generations. Chemicals of Life*diameter: 1x10^-6x10^-10m weight: 1.7x10^-24 g (Dalton)**weight: 1/1836 daltonsAugust 28, 2015LIFE 102Stacks- All elements are created from the explosion of a supernova.o 2nd generation stars and planets absorb the explosion to form- 25 chemicals elements are essential for life:o 96% of living matter is Hydrogen (9.5%) Oxygen (65%) Nitrogen (3.3%) Carbon (18.5%)o 4% of living matter (human body) is Calcium (1.5%) Phosphorus (1%) Potassium (.4%) Sulfur (.3%) Sodium (.2%) Chlorine (.2%) Magnesium (.1%)o <.01% (Trace Elements) is Boron Chromium Cobalt Copper +10 moreElements- Nucleuso Proton* (positive charge)o Neutron* (neutral charge/ no charge)- Electrons**(negative charge) are in a “cloud” around the neucleus- Atomic Mass: the number of protons & neutrons in the neucleus*diameter: 1x10^-6x10^-10m weight: 1.7x10^-24 g (Dalton)**weight: 1/1836 daltonsHONC (like a car)August 28, 2015LIFE 102Stackso Ie. He- 2 protons, 2 neutrons= 4 amu (4^He)- Atomic Number: the number of protons in the nucleuso All elements differ in number of protonso Determines where am element is placed on the periodic table 12 ← Atomic Mass C6 ←Atomic Numberα*diameter: 1x10^-6x10^-10m weight: 1.7x10^-24 g (Dalton)**weight: 1/1836