Musc 200 1st Edition Lecture 23 Outline of Last Lecture I. Motown IntroductionII. Berry Gordya. Production Line Modelb. Integrated Production SystemIII. The Motown Production ProcessIV. Motown Musical ArrangementsOutline of Current Lecture II. Motown cont.a. Diana RossIII. Music and American Society in the Mid and Late 1960sa. Vietnamb. Civil Rights Movementc. Economic Changes IV. British Invasiona. British Bandsi. Liverpoolii. Londonb. The BeatlesCurrent LectureMotown (cont.)Listening: “Tracks of My Tears” by The Miracles- Bass and drums foundation with conga drums supplementing- Snare has the backbeat with tambourine and staccato guitar supplementing- Vocals are out in front- Intro guitar piece continues throughout as an accompanying counter melodyo Outlines the chords in an elaborate, singable guitar part- Backup vocals move when the accompanying guitar part is stillo Weave in and out with each otherThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o But not busy and distracting- Brass fully completes the melody- Baritone sax, string section, and more backup vocals are added in the 2nd verseListening: “My Smile is Just a Frown” by Carolyn Crawford- Snare has the backbeat with staccato guitar- Vocals out front- Piano in the background with chords- Brass in the background- Chorus: piano, vibraphone, and brass come together with interlocking rhythmso Melodic and complicated but doesn’t distract from the vocal hookDiana Ross- Diana Ross and The Supremes - 1963-67: had 10 Top 10 singleso On Ed Sullivan Show 20 times- Known for matching outfits and careful choreography - Persona of glamour and sophistication- Could be compared as the Jackie Kennedy’s of Motown- None of the raspy R&B, blues notes, or melismatic gospel soundso Instead used lots of technique to create the image of control and glamourListening: “Baby Love” by Diana Ross and the Supremes- Not powerful vocals, but not weak or thin eithero Uses wide vibrato and clear tone- Bass and drum have the groove- Vocals rhythmically sync up with the drums to give forward momentumo Sophisticated, professional, and glamorous sound- Other parts the vocals lightly float on top of the time, like when singing about emotionso Fragile and sof- Careful, controlled glides- Controlled changes in timbreo Beginning: sof and delicateo Builds and shifs at the end where its brighter with more edgeo Controlled display of emotion and passionMusic and American Society in the Mid and Late 1960s- Early/mid 60s: time of social transformation in the U.S.o Vietnam: widespread opposition to the Vietnam war began in 1965 Tensions created due to the draf not applying to kids that could go to college- Wealthy kids could go to college and not war- Working class kids went to war Protests also due to the reason why we were fighting in the waro Civil Rights Movement: started seeing some success in the early 60s Federal government began looking at ending legal segregation- De facto segregation still existed Racial tensions for many minority groupso Economic changes: highway systems increased the size and number of suburbs Suburbs tended to be highly segregated Began to see the roots of the decline that happened in the 70s- Investments made in production outside of the U.S> instead of insideo Caused industrial decline in the 70so Assassination of JFK: shocking event and when combined with all of the other social c changes had a huge impactThe British Invasion- 1964: British Invasion occurred and was the first time UK bands made it onto US pop charts- American rock and roll was popular with British youth, but music from the UK wasn’t popular with Americans- In the UK: American music was hard to get due to the BBC not playing ito Had to listen to pirate radio or radio Belgiumo Made the music even more exciting- Skiffle was the first music to come out of the enthusiasm for American rock and rollo Drew loosely on American folk musico Hugely popular in the UKo Early 60s – most Skiffle bands shifed over to playing rock and roll- 1962 – only 2 British acts charted on the U.S. pop charts, and they were low- 1964 – Beatles came to the U.S. with huge marketing support by EMI- 1964-1966 – over 20 bands came from the UK and made it onto the U.S. pop chartsBritish Bands- Most came from either Liverpool in the north or London in the south- Liverpoolo Working class port cityo Declined economically by the 60so Seen as provincial and exotic by those from Londono Beatles were from here and had the Liverpool accento The Searchers and Jerry & the Pacemakers were a couple of other bands from here- Londono Center of culture and prestigeo Economic capitalo The Rolling Stones from here Strongly influenced by Chicago blues- Several well-known bands also came out of other cities, such as The Animals and The WhoThe Beatles- 3 periods: early (“boy band”), middle period (steering towards more artsy), late- History of The Beatleso All born during WWII into low or working class familieso Originally in a band called The Quarrymen  Consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Stu Sutcliffe  Skiffle group with no drummer Played around Liverpool Decided to change their name to the Beatles as a reference to Buddy Holly and the Crickets- “Beat” – like a beat you can dance too New Name: the Beatles Added a drummer – Pete Best Played lots of local gigs Shifed away from Skiffle towards American styles Did a 4 ½ month gig in the Red Light District in Hamburg, Germany- Played at a lot of clubs and worked their way up to the top clubs Stu Sutcliffe lef the band to go to art school- This was when Paul McCartney shifed to playing bass Returned to England and began to make themselves known in Liverpool at a clubcalled “The Cavern”o 1961 – got the attention of a record store owner named Brian Epstein who later became their managero The Beatles were looking for an American record contract but no one seemed interestedo 1962 – signed to Parlophone which was a small record label that was part of the major label EMI George Martin was their producer and saw great potential but also said they needed a better drummer So the Beatles fired Pete Best and hired Richard Starkey (stage name Ringo Starr)o Epstein pushed the Beatles first singles and albums and they sold well in Liverpool  The