Musc 200/226 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Last Lecture I. Doo Wop Continueda. BalladsII. Jerry Lieber and Mike StollerIII. Responses to Rock and RollIV. Economics of a changing music industryOutline of Current Lecture II. CoversIII. New styles promoted by mainstream industry to distract from rock and rolla. Calypsob. Early Folk Music Revivalc. Teen Idolsi. Annette FunicelloIV. Meanings of rock and rolla. Sexualityb. Politicallyc. Aestheticism Current Lecture- Mainstream music industry was trying to eliminate rock and roll by a variety of methods (discussed in depth last lecture)o Covers: economic exploitation, shut down rock and roll, and sent a message that white people’s music was better than black people’s- 1950s: mainstream industry began to promote a series of new styles to try and distract people from rock and rollo Calypso: Trinidad pop music that focused on political themes as well as expressed sexuality in complex and elaborate forms Mainstream industry got rid of the political and sexual aspects and made it poppier It sold pretty wellThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. This was the first attempt of the mainstream music industry to distract the public from rock and rollo Early Folk Music Revival: in the 30s and 40s, people in big cities began to get interested in rural folk music This music was often highly political and far-left It wasn’t huge in the 30s and 40s, but there were parts of NYC and San Franciscoand other big cities with groups of people interested in early folk The mainstream industry saw this and in the 50s tried to use early folk music as another distractor Mainstream got rid of anything political and again made it poppier The Kingston Trio was a popular pop folk music revival groupo Teen Idols: mainstream industry realized that teens were a large audience and wanted in Recorded charming, clean-but, good looking, and proper white teens- Boy/girl next door- Combined some elements of rock and roll with pop Sang speaking to the teenage experience in a G-rated way Often attached dances with each singer to help sell the songs Songs and singers were heavily publicized so they sold well Annette Funicello was originally a player on the Mickey Mouse show who was signed in the late 50s and early 60s as a teen idol- Signed because she was a reliable worker and already was known- Promoted and rebranded as “Annette”- Songwriters hired to write songs specifically for her- Combined pieces of rock and roll with popo But people had already been hearing rock and roll for several years now so this wasn’t anything new or shocking- High production quality with the best studio musicians- In the 60s, management promoted her in beach movies where she would always have a song to singListening: “Tom Dooley” by the Kingston Trio- Narrative style makes it folk-like- Backup singers give it a pop vibe- The singing style is also pop-likeo No vocal tension, it’s low toned and almost like a crooning pop ballad- Weird tension between the lyrics and the smile toneo Singing about a guy dying but the singer is smiling during itListening: “The Wreck of the John B (The Sloop John B)” by the Kingston Trio- combines pop and Calypso- lyrics from a Trinidad influenceo they’re trying to sound like they’re from TrinidadListening: “Tell Paul” by Annette Funicello- rock and roll elements: overblown sax, heavy backbeat, jump blues instrumentation, Boogie Woogie bass patterns- Pop elements: backup singers, not a powerful voice (they tried to compensate for this by using double tracking and reverb techniques to create a fuller sound), no vocal techniquesListening: “Tell Me Whose the Girl” by Annette Funicello- Country-pop sound- Reverb and double-tracked vocals- Slight melismaListening: “The Train of Love” by Annette Funicello- Backbeats, Boogie Woogie bass, slightly raspy voice, reverb ad double/triple tracking- Guitar solo sort of in the Scotty Moore style- But keep in mind that this is the late 50s so these techniques aren’t cutting edgeListening: “Bikini Beach Party” by Annette Funicello- Ensemble coordination- Early 60s beach movie song- Mechanic and highly processed vocals- Used the best studio musicians- Song has forward momentum, but the lyrics are clearly not rock and rollMeanings of Rock and Roll- Rock critics began emerging around the late 60s and early 70so Many said pop was fake and politically and sexually repressedo Said rock was politically forward, sexually expressive, and authentic- Sexuality was more open in rock and roll, but there wasn’t any radical thinkingo Still expressed traditional gender roles Man goes after the woman- Politics were rarely dealt with actively in rock and rollo More about individualism o Rock and roll desegregated music and went against racism and in that way was politicallyimportant But many white teens didn’t actively oppose segregation and listened to rock and roll because it was shocking to their parents and something exotic and new- Didn’t engage in any social or political activism- Authenticity is difficult to measure because anything can be authentic to itselfo Some say rock and roll is less commercial and more authentic but rock and roll musiciansand producers wanted to make money just like those in the mainstream