Musc 200 1st Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Last Lecture II. Elvis Presley (cont.)III. Carl PerkinsIV. Johnny CashV. 2nd Generation of Rock and RollOutline of Current Lecture VI. 2nd Generation of Rock and RollVII. Buddy Holly and the CricketsCurrent Lecture2nd Generation of Rock and Roll (cont.)- Songs more heavily focused on romance and love- Simple chords on the electric guitar became a focal pointBuddy Holly- Has the 50’s sound but also contemporary elements- Born in 1936 in Lubbock, TX- Raised on country music and had a local radio show- He was the opening act for many national events that would go through Lubbocko In 1955 he opened for Elvis- Had a record contract with Deca Records, a major label, but nothing came out of it and he was dropped- Moved to New Mexico to work in a recording studio with Norman Pettyo Petty’s studio was small and not as expensive as major labelso This allowed Buddy Holly and the Crickets to spend a lot of time polishing their sound and working on tracks- In 1955, people viewed the goal of recording music to capture the live sound- But by 1957, people began to view recording music as a creative element itselfThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Played with music technology, manipulated electronics, and created high tech sounds- Buddy Holly and the Crickets released “That’ll be the Day” in 1957, which hit #1 on pop chartso This was a big deal because this song came out of a studio in New Mexico that no one in the mainstream industry had heard of- From 1957 to 1959, Buddy Holly and his Crickets had many hit singles, toured a lot, and also suffered conflicts between themselves and Petty- February 1959 – Buddy Holly took a plane to the next tour spot and it crashed, killing all on boardo They were on a Midwest package tour: many artists often from the same label would tour together Package tours were good for audiences and record labels because only the hit songs were played but bad for artists because they were traveling non-stop, onlyplayed for about 15 minutes, and didn’t get paid mucho Known as the “day music died” because Buddy Holly, the Big Bopper, and Ritchie Valens all died- Buddy Holly’s persona and style was the opposite of Elviso He was seen as the boy next door; wore thick black rimmed glasses, was gangly and didn’t have that movie star looko He looked vulnerable and shy and he played up that imageo His songs didn’t display rebelliousness or coolness like Elvis- Buddy Holly and the Crickets set many of the standards of what a rock and roll band should be likeo Writing their own songs was one of the major things Buddy Holly was the songwriter, but he wrote with the band and the Crickets had a big part in the compositiono They also set the default for rock band instrumentation: drums, bass, 2 guitars, lead and backing vocalso Choice of guitar – Fender Stratocaster  Meant to give a “space age” sound This guitar was cutting edge in the 50s It had 2 cutaways, which could be done because it was solid bodied Gave a bright, jangly sound Had 3 pickups with a selector switch to shift which pickup to use or combine them- Rhythm pickup gave a more muted sound in the lower frequencies so the focus was on the singer- Lead pickup was more for solos and gave a bright, jangly, clear sound- Buddy Holly’s music was extremely experimental and explored the musical possibilities of recording studioso Began to look at creative possibilities beyond the live soundListening: “Peggy Sue” by Buddy Holly and the Crickets- Reverberation: reflected soundso Electronic recordings could electronically create reverbo This was a completely new soundo Can be heard in the drums – two beats without reverb, then 2 beats with ito Only the drums have reverb- Placed a microphone right next to Buddy Holly’s guitar so you can hear the sound of his pick on the guitar stringso This also was a new layer of texture- Switches between pickups before the guitar solo and then afterListening: “Words of Love” by Buddy Holly and the Crickets- Overdubbing: record two separate parts then in the final version play them at the same timeo Buddy Holly sings both the melody and the harmony in this tracko New thing in the 1950so Gave a better blended sound because it was the same person singing both partso Les Paul also did overdubbing previously but this was the first overdubbing in the context of rock and roll- Double Tracking: type of overdubbingo Record the same guitar parts two different times and in the final version play them at the same timeo Reason for this: you’re never able to play the exact same way, so it creates a richer and fuller sound- Buddy Holly sings close into the microphone giving an intimate soundo He also pulls on the vowels and draws them out to complete the warm, intimate feeling- Emphasis on rhythm guitar chordsListening: “Well All Right” by Buddy Holly and the Crickets- Acoustic guitar chords are very prominent and front and centerListening: “Listen to Me” by Buddy Holly and the Crickets- Arpeggios: notes of the chord are played one after another and let them ring