Musc 200 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Social ContextII. Musical Rootsa. Folkb. Shape notesIII. Early Country Music and the Music Industrya. Radiob. Recording industryc. MoviesIV. Early country music stylesa. Mountain stylei. The Carter Familyb. Country stylei. Jimmie RogersOutline of Current Lecture II. Jimmie Rogers (cont.)III. Country Developments a. Moviesb. Honky TonkIV. TPA in the 1940sa. Big Band Swingb. Big Band post WWIIc. Importance of BB musicV. IntroductiontoMutationsCurrent LectureJimmie Rogers (cont.)- Effortless informalityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Guitar didn’t have a huge part- Bass is bowed instead of plucked- Coronet, clarinet, and trumpet had a key parto These instruments also made up the front line of a New Orleans jazz band- Polyphonic style: each instrument playing its own melody- Songs were smooth with the different instruments fading in and out; not aggressive but lazy and easy-goingCountry Developments- 1930s: mountain style still existed but was much less popularo Large ensembles playing in the country style were more common- Songs featured fiddles, electric guitars, and steel guitarso But drums did not play a major role until the 1950s Drums were seen as African American instruments- Movies: westerns were the dominant genreo Often featured singing cowboys – romantic figures of the westo The music in the films was put into a new category called “Country and Western Music”- Honky Tonk: country music most strongly related to rocko 1933: prohibition endedo There was an economic explosion in Texas and Oklahoma due to the oil fields and many moved there to worko Bars popped up in these areas and became known as Honky Tonkso Honky Tonk music was the dominant form of country music at this timeo Country music was no longer regional, but was played all over the countryo Themes of Honky Tonk included the pleasures of hard drinking, carousing, the tensions of lost love, and intense loneliness and sadnesso Singing style: bright, high, and nasal voice that was also rough and raspyo Instrumentation: acoustic guitar, electric guitar, electric steel guitar, fiddle, piano, bass, no drumso Hank Williams Sr. – one of the best known Honky Tonk singers Listening: “Your Cheating Heart”- Instrumentation: fiddle, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, steel guitar, somepercussion- Lyrics: loneliness and heart break- Vocal style: Hank developed a series of vocal techniques including vocal tension in which he would sing in a fast and shallow vibrato - Cry break: vocal technique in which it sounds like the voice is breaking and about to cry, the singer typically goes into falsetto Listening: “I’m So Lonesome I Could Cry”- Acoustic guitar has the chords, electric guitar does alternating bass accompanimento Electric guitar runs from the root of one chord to the nexto Listening: “Much too Young to Die” by Ray Price 1950s Fiddle, acoustic guitar, electric guitar, more percussion Cry breaks and vocal tensionTPA in the 1940s- Big Band Swing: TPA meets jazzo For a while there were jazz bands and TPA bands that played pop music, and also a lot ofmusic in-betweeno The meeting place of TPA pop bands and jazz bands was the dominate genre during the 40so Last type of genre that dominated without vocals being the key componento Instrumentation Brass: melody, background, give additional interest- trumpets and trombones Reeds: melody, background, give additional interest- saxophones (tenor, alto, and baritone) and clarinets Rhythm: a new element from jazz, this was the beating heart of the band which carried into Rock and Roll; chords and time- Piano (chords and harmony), bass (walking lines and time holder), drum kit (group of percussion instruments)o Walking bass: one note per beat, walks up and down the scale to connect rootso Our ear can figure out what the chords are Drum Kit components- Bass drum: big, round drum controlled by a peddle attached to a mallet- Snare drum: smaller drums with metal snares on a stand in front of the drummer which produced a crackly sound- Tom toms: larger drums, usually two or more, added variety- Cymbals: 3 typeso Crash: hold each cymbal and strike them togethero Stand and ride: constant tapping on the side to fill out the soundand keep timeo High hat: one cymbal face up and one face down, controlled by a peddle to separate and then press them togethero Listening: “Pennsylvania 6-5000” by Glen Miller and His Orchestra Title of song is actually a phone number Instrumentation: trumpet solo, saxophone solo, background reeds and brass, snare drum played on the 2nd and 4th beats which was louder, stronger, and moreaggressive than before- Post WWII: Big Band starts to fade outo Instrumental music fades out and never comes backo Causes for this Musicians went on strike, but vocalists weren’t part of the union so they kept on making music 1946-47 were economically lean years and everything was still rationed. This made touring difficult for big bands Big Band Swing was strongly associated with WWII and people were looking for a change- Importance of Big Bandso Big Band Jazz gave the rhythm section which became the standard in all music (drums)o Raised the bar for rhythmic energy 2nd and 4th beats were accented, which drew people in It still feels light for us, but it was the heaviest music at the timeo Interplay of main melody and background instruments- Late 40s and early 50s: Big Band pretty much goneo Replaced by vocal TPA pop A famous one being Doris Dayo Big band shrunk into sometimes having only a clarinet for the reed section and a piano replacing bass- Listening: “(There’s a) Bluebird on your Windowsill” by Doris Dayo Walking bass and a couple notes of alternating bass accompanimento Accordion and clarinet in place of bass and reedso Melody is all in the vocalso Vocal style: happy, sunny, “Disney”- Listening: “Now That I Need You” by Doris Dayo Pop version of the ballado Walking basso Instrumentation: piano with bass giving the time and a guitar as a replacement for the brass and reeds