1. Which of the following statements regarding nutrition prior to pregnancy is false?a. Men with diets rich in antioxidant nutrients have lower sperm numbers and motility2. The recommended gain for a woman who begins pregnancy at a healthy weight and is carrying a single fetus is ________ pounds.a. 25 to 353. The RDA or AI for which of the following nutrients does not increase during pregnancy?a. Vitamin D (choice all choices though)4. A low-birthweight infant is defined as weighing less than ________ poundsa. 5.55. Which of the following is an environmental contaminant for which pregnant women need to be cautious of ingesting?a. Lead and mercury6. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a cluster of physical, mental, and neurobehavioral symptomsthat include all of the following except:a. excess prenatal growth of fetus7. Which of the following is a change a woman's body experiences during pregnancy?a. joints become more flexible8. Risks associated with teen pregnancy include all of the following except:a. higher maternal death rate9. Infants of vegan parents may suffer spinal cord damage and develop severe psychomotor retardation due to a lack of ________ .a. vitamin B1210. When the pounds retained after pregnancy are ________ or more and BMI increases by a unit or more, risks of chronic diseases in later life can increase.a. 711. The protein RDA for pregnancy is an additional ________ grams per day higher than for nonpregnant women.a. 2512. Which of the following is not a component of the weight gain that accompanies a healthy pregnancy?a. Increased stomach capacity13. Which of the following statements regarding folate supplementation is false?a. Women of childbearing age should consume 1 milligram of folate daily.14. Which of the following risk factors associated with moms does not increase the risk of neural tube defects?a. race/ ethnicity15. Which of the following is a benefit of exercise during pregnancy?a. all of these choices16. The fetal ________ is largely made of lipid material, and it depends heavily on the long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for its growth, function, and structure.a. Brain17. Which of the following is a predictor of low birthweight?a. All of these choices18. WIC provides nutrition education and nutritious foods to ________ who qualify financially and have a high risk of medical or nutritional problems.a. All of these choices19. When compared to regular multivitamin-mineral supplements, prenatal supplements typically contain greater amounts of ________ .a. All of these choices20. ________ is a condition characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine.The cause remains unclear and symptoms typically regress within two days of delivery.a. Preeclampsia21. By ________ weeks, the 1 ¼-inch embryo has a complete central nervous system, a beating heart, a digestive system, and well-defined fingers and toes.a. 822. Which of the following is a benefit of breastfeeding for an infant?a. All of these choices23. Which of the following conditions may a woman experience during pregnancy?a. All of these choices24. Consequences of malnutrition during pregnancy include all of the following except:a. Post-term births25. Pregnant women are about 20 times more likely than other healthy adults to get the foodborne illness ________ .a. Listeriosis26. Which of the following is a problem associated with spina bifida?a. All of these choices27. Which of the following is a consequence of gestational diabetes?a. All of these choices28. Which of the following substances can pass through the breastmilk and cause harm tothe infant?a. All of these choices29. Which of the following nutrients is the need particularly great due to its role in creating new cells during fetal growth and development?a. All of these choices30. The cause of neural tube defects is ________ .a. None of these choices31. Recommendations for ________ and fatty acids remain about the same during lactation as during pregnancy, but they increase for ________ .a. Protein; carbohydrates32. Being an overweight or obese woman increases the risk for:a. Neural tube defects33. The ideal childbearing age is ________ .a. 25 to 30b. none of these choicesc.34. The ________ is a metabolically active organ that develops as an interweaving of fetal and maternal blood vessels embedded in the uterine wall.a. Umbilical cordb. amniotic sacc.35. Risks associated with pregnancy among older women include all of the following except:a. higher rates of high-birthweight babies 36. Adverse influences at critical times during fetal development may set the stage for which of the following diseases?a. All of these