TectonismDivergent Boundaries: TensionConvergent BoundariesCompressionOverthrust FaultsDifference between Divergent and Convergent BoundariesTransform Boundary: SheerFoldingAnticlinesSynclinesMonoclinesErosional FeaturesGEO 155 1st Edition Lecture 26Outline of Last Lecture VolcanoesOutline of Current LectureI. Tectonisma. Divergent Boundariesi. Tensionb. Convergent Boundariesi. Compressionii. Overthrust Faultsc. How do you tell the differenced. Foldingi. Anticlinesii. Synclinesiii. Monoclinesiv. Other Erosional FeaturesCurrent LectureThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Tectonism- Deformation of the Earth’s crusto Force of moving plates can bend and break solid rock Faulting – when the crust breaks Folding – when the crust bendso Occurs at the plate boundariesDivergent Boundaries: Tension- Plates pull apart, lengthening the crust- “Normal Fault” – upper side of the fault moves downo Friction leads to accumulated tension, which creates a jerky motion that results in earthquakeso Results in mountain rangers with “Horsts” and “Grabens”Convergent BoundariesCompression- Plates are pushed together, shortening the crust- “Reverse Fault” – upper side of the fault moves upwardo Exposed middle erodes quickly so you end with a rounded mountainOverthrust Faults- Extreme compression- One plate lifts up and over the otherDifference between Divergent and Convergent Boundaries- Follow the layers- Check the angles- Locate the upper side- Determine course of movementTransform Boundary: Sheer- “Transform Fault” or “Strike-slip Fault”- Recognized by horizontal offset of featuresFolding- Compression can lead to folding- Usually sedimentary rock- Helps us follow the layer and know what happensAnticlines- Folded upward- RidgeSynclines- Folded downward- ValleyMonoclines- Folded on one sideErosional Features- Easily erodedo “Reverse Inversion” – lowest point becomes the anticlines that are now the valleys and the highest points become the synclines that are now the ridgeso Hogback – when one side of a feature is from folding and the other is from erosiono Cuesta – top layer erodes faster than the resto Buttes and Mesas – like cuestas but not all of the layer is eroded (butte is when a smaller piece doesn’t erode leaving a small, pointed structure, mesa is when a larger piece doesn’t erode and looks more
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