Note:SurfaceAtmosphereOther Energy Sources30 units of energyFactors of ImpactGEO 155 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. RadiationOutline of Current Lecture II. Energy Budgeta. Surfaceb. Atmospherec. Other Energy SourcesIII. Atmospheric Forces and MotionIV. Coriolis Force (Effect)a. Factors of ImpactCurrent LectureGlobal Energy BalanceNote:What we absorb from the sun is equal to what we emitEnergy BudgetSurface- Absorbs: 51 solar, 92 counter-radiation (143 units)- Emits: 113 units (30 units of radiation surplus)Atmosphere- Absorbs: 19 solar, 107 terrestrial (126 units)- Emits: 156 units (30 units of radiation deficit)Other Energy Sources30 units of energy1. Conduction – molecule to molecule transferThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. As in, the ground surface has a lot of potential energy, which it transfers from thesurface to the atmosphere above it.2. Convection – transfer by a flow of liquid or gasa. Warmer gases and liquids are less dense than cooler gases and liquids, so they tend to rise.i. The ground surface heats air, which then rises to the atmosphere.3. Latent Heat Transfer – energy used to evaporate watera. Water is evaporated at the surface. Thus, the energy moves from the ground to the atmosphere.Atmospheric Forces and Motion- Atmospheric pressure is measured on maps by isobars (lines of equal pressure)- Pressure gradient – the difference in pressure acrossspaceo Creates pressure gradient force Pressure is stronger where isobars arecloser together and these lines are always perpendicular to each other The closer the lines are on the map, the steeper the slope The perpendicular arrows point in the direction of pressure gradient force Arrows point outward at high isobars Arrows point inward at low isobarsCoriolis “Force” (Effect)This phenomenon is the apparent deflection due to the Earth’s rotationFactors of Impact1. Direction – to the right in the Northern Hemisphere; to the left in the Southern Hemisphere2. Increases with latitude – at the equator, there is no spin, thus, there is no Coriolis Effect3. Increases with velocity – the faster the wind blows, the greater the
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