MGT 300 1st Edition Exam # 4 Study Guide Bonus Question: CEO of Facebook- Cheryl sandbergFormal vs informal groupsSocial loafing – tendency of people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working aloneA task role, or task-oriented role, consists of behavior that concentrates on getting the team’s tasks done.A maintenance role, or relationship-oriented role, consists of behavior that fosters constructive relationshipsamong team members.Groupthink cons- peer pressure, stereotyping, not enough objectionsPersonality, intergroup, cultural conflictsHow to avoid conflicts- avoiding, accommodation, forcing collaborating compromising,How to influence othersThe ability to get others to follow your wishes is influenceThere are nine ways to try to influence others:-rational persuasion - convincing someone by using logic, reason, or facts-inspirational appeals - building enthusiasm or confidence by appeals to emotions, ideals, or values-consultation - getting others to participate in a decision or changeingratiating tactics - acting humble or friendly before making a request-personal appeals - referring to friendship and loyalty when making a request-exchange tactics - reminding someone of past favors or offering to make a trade-coalition tactics - getting others to support your effort-pressure tactics - using demands, threats, or intimidation-legitimating tactics - basing a request on implied support from superiors, or on rules or policies what do followers want in their leaders?Significance. Such leaders make followers feel that what they do at work isimportant and meaningful.■Community. These leaders create a sense of unity that encourages followersto treat others with respect and to work together in pursuit of organizationalgoals.■Excitement. The leaders make people feel energetic and engaged atwork.Kinesics (from the Greek word kinesis, meaning “movement”) are movements of the body and face. These movements include arm and hand gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, folding arms, crossing legs, and leaning toward or away from another person. Paralanguage includes the pitch, rate, tone, volume, and speaking pattern (use of silences, pauses, or hesitations) of one’s voice. (1) vertical —meaning upward and downward, (2) horizontal — meaning laterally (sideways), and(3) external —meaning outside the organizationControlling- Strategic control o monitoring performance to ensure that strategic plans are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed- Tactical control o monitoring performance to ensure that tactical plans - those at the divisional or departmental level - are being implemented- Balanced scoreboard o gives top managers a fast but comprehensive view of the organization via four indicators: (1) customer satisfaction, (2) internal processes, (3) innovation and improvement activities and, (4) financial measures- Total Quality Management (TQM) o a comprehensive approach - led by top management and supported throughoutthe organization - dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer