ANSC 1676 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last LectureI. ChinchillasOutline of Current LectureI. Aquarium Fish A. AnatomyB. Freshwater Vs. Saltwater FishC. How Are They Caught?D. Health Risks Approximately 8 million US households have pet fish 1-10% marine fish are bred in captivity; rest are caught from coral reefsAnatomy- Poikilothermic: Depend on their environment for heat; same temperature as surroundings- Chordate: Animals possessing a notochord & gill slits- Scales cover the skin & shed seasonally; deciduous- Age of fish is determined by the growth rings on their scales- Scales can also give insight to temperature of the water & stress periods due to the growth rings- Muscle: 40-60% used for fish movementWhite – Low amount of protein that carries oxygen (myoglobin); sprinting muscleRed – High amount of oxygen carrying protein; smellier as well Pink – Intermediate amount of myoglobin- Gills: Circulation System – Heart, Gills, Body, HeartReplaces lungs; Functions as a kidney by extracting dissolved oxygen from water & excreting carbon dioxide (filters the water)- Swim Bladder: Creates buoyancy for fish while swimming; can increase/decrease in size when needed to sink or float in waterTropical fish use their swim bladder to get oxygen; warmer water means less oxygen available - Many fish have a long intestine to accommodate to their fibrous diet (similar to a rabbit)- Increased surface area to maximize nutrients absorbed (common in shark digestive anatomy)Freshwater Vs. Saltwater FishTropical Freshwater Fish - Can be have live young such as, Guppies & Mollies - Can be egg layers such as, Bettas, Paradise fish & Catfish- Active & can be aggressiveCool Freshwater Fish- Can be kept in an aquarium or a pond- Tend to be vigorous - Examples: Goldfish & KoiTropical Saltwater Fish- Increasing in popularity- Challenging to maintain their proper environment - Example: Clownfish, Damsel fish, Anemone fish , Angel fish, Butterfly fish, Gobies, Wrasses, & Parrot fishHow Are They Caught? (Tropical Saltwater Fish)- Spray cyanide that stuns fish & leads to their capture- Spear gunning: Speared below dorsal fin & captures; heals quickly - Fish caught at deeper depths are decompressed to accommodate depth changeHealth Risks (Tropical Saltwater Fish)- Being captured and shipped causes stress in such a confined space; only 3 out of 10 fish make it to the pet store- Details of water characteristics are vital to their survival: hardness, ph, temperature, salinity, filtration, & dissolved gases- Lighting & Size of tank (1.5-2 quarts of water) must be maintained- Do not overcrowd fish- Choose compatible fish; only have 1 fish of each color, color pattern, & shape, avoid large differences in size- Quarantine new fish to avoid possible aggression- Ick: Common disease of freshwater fish that involves rapidly growing white spots that deteriorate gills and