ANSC 1676 1st Edition Lecture 6Outline of Last Lecture I. Animal ReproductionII. Over PopulationOutline of Current LectureI. GeneticsA. GenesB. ChromosomesC. DNAD. Gregor MendelE. MitosisF. MeiosisG. Genetic VariationsCurrent LectureA. Genes- Study of traits passed down from parent to offspring - Both parents contribute- Genotype : What you are - Phenotype : Your appearanceB. Chromosomes- Carry genetic material- Found in nucleus - Packaged : DNA & Protein- Homologous Pairs - Diploid – (Somatic) – Cells from body- Haploid – (Gametes) – Egg & Sperm cells- 46 Chromosomes in humansC. DNA- Genetic material- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, & Phosphorous- Base Pairing – A/T & C/G- Double helix/Stranded- Allele – Forms of a gene (dominant or recessive)- Homozygous – 2 copies of a same allele- Heterozygous – 2 copies of a different alleleD. Gregor Mendel- Law of Segregation of Alleles : 2 alleles of a trait separate when forming gametes;each allele has a 50/50 chance of moving to either gamete- Independent Assortment : Separation of alleles independently assort; not connected to another traitE.Mitosis- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase & Telophase- Result : Two cells identical to parent cell- Occurs most during growthF. Meiosis- Same phases, just occur twice- Results : 1 Diploid & 4 Haploid (not identical)G. Genetic Variations- Sexual Reproduction*Random Fertilization (pollen)* Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes (during metaphase*EvolutionEXTRA INFO :Practice Punnett Squares for the Exam!Remember that the American Curl mutation occurred in 1981 & they have an autosomal dominant trait, they will ALWAYS have curly
View Full Document