BCOR 12 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Last Lecture I Major Parts of Biodiversity II Most Basal Animals III Sponges IV Cnidarians V Types of Animals VI Bilaterian Animals Adaptations VII Lophotrophozoans VIII Mollusks IX Annelids Outline of Current Lecture I Ecdyozoans II Nematodes III Arthropods IV Subphyla of arthropods V Echinoderms Major Characters Current Lecture Ecdyozoans Most species rich Have an outer coating called the cuticle Cuticle external covering of Ecdyozoans consisting of layers of protein and chitin These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Has to be shed and molted o Advantages protection serves as a muscle anchor prevents desiccation and protects against gravity 2 phyla of Ecdyozoans nematodes and arthropods Nematodes round worms Some but not all are parasitic They are extremely important for the function of ecosystems Play a significant role in nutrient cycling through aiding in the decomposition of soil organic matter and the mineralization of plant nutrients Arthropods Has over 1 million species Shared Derived Characters I Segmented bodies usually obvious in abdomen II Hard exoskeleton covers whole body III Jointed appendages helpful for locomotion IV Open circulatory systems heart pumps fluid but it moves throughout entire body and coats organs Subphyla of Arthropods Chelicerates most basal o Have claw like appendages Includes horseshoe crabs Myriapods o Have many legs and mandibles for feeding o Only terrestrial organisms o Earliest terrestrial animals Includes centipede and millipede Hexapods o Have six legs and ability to fly o Most successful mostly due to the ability to fly which enabled hexapods to Escape predators more easily Find food and mates more easily Disperse to new habitats more easily o INSECTS Crustaceans o Largely aquatic Includes crabs lobsters barnacles crawfish Echinoderms Major Characters I Thin epidermis no cuticles II Endoskeleton internal skeleton III Water vascular system network of hydraulic water filled canals that branch into tube feet that have the cumulative functions of a Locomotion b Feeding c Gas exchange IV Tube feet aid in locomotion V Bilateral symmetry as larvae
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