GEOG 101 1st Edition Lecture 17Outline of Last Lecture I. The Water CycleII. Biogeochemical CyclesIII. The Carbon CycleIV. The LithosphereV. The Tectonic CycleOutline of Current Lecture I. The Tectonic Cyclei. Key TermsLecture: I. The Tectonic Cycle-The Tectonic Cycle: the continuous movement of new material into the crust, and the old material back into the mantle. The tectonic cycle occurs through processes of subduction, melting, intrusion, and eruption. -Paleomagnetism is a technique of geological dating used to understand plate tectonics. It looks at the orientation of magnetic particles within rock.-Crustal plates float on the mantle and continuously move. This is Earth’s first order relief. -Plate tectonics helps drive the long carbon cycle. So does surface processes and photosynthesis. Plate tectonics and long-term climate variation are linked through feedback mechanisms. Plate tectonics is a large-scale, long-term process of the Earth’s lithosphere.-One of the earlier arrangements of Earth’s plates produced two continents whose characteristics are still evident to day. -3 Types of tectonic plate boundary: divergent, convergent, and transform or transverse. Plate boundaries are where most geological change happens and second-order relief is formed. Earthquakes, orogenesis (the formation of mountains), and volcanoes.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Second-order relief: there is a lot of geological activity and hazards (earthquakes and volcanoes)- Volcanoes along divergent plate boundaries are uncommonly exposed on the surface, such as volcanoes in Iceland. -Volcanoes also occur along active rift-zones. -Some volcanoes also occur at hot spots, where the mantle is unusually hot, such as Hawaii. Hot spot volcanoes occur in chains, because crustal plates move over the hot