Joints Joint classification Structural Fibrous- Structures Synostoses- Syndemoses- Gomphoses Cartilaginous- Synchondroses- Symphyses Synovial- Bursae- Tendon sheaths- Joint stability Shape Ligaments Muscle tone- Muscle attachments Origin Insertion- Movements Gliding movements at the wrist Angular movements: flexion, extension, and hyperextension of the neck Angular movements: flexion, extension, and hyperextension of the vertebral column Angular movements: flexion and extension at the shoulder and knee Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion Angular movements: abduction, adduction, and circumduction of the upper limb at the shoulder  Rotation of head, neck and lower limb Pronation (radius rotates over ulna) and supination (radius and ulna are parallel) Inversion, eversion Protraction and retraction of mandible Elevation an depression of the mandible  Opposition of fingers- Types Plane Hinge Pivot Condyloid Saddle Ball and socket Functional Synarthroses Amphiarthrosis Diarthrosis The knee joint Posterior cruciate ligament Anterior cruciate ligament Lateral meniscus Patellar ligament Fibular collateral ligament Tibial collateral ligament Patellar ligament The shoulder joint Coracoacromial ligament Coracohumeral ligament Transverse humeral ligament Glenohumeral ligaments The elbow joint Radial collateral ligament  Anular ligament Ulnar collateral ligament The hip joint Ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres) Iliofemoral ligament Ischiofemoral ligament Pubofemoral ligament The temopromandibular (jaw) joint Lateral