HIST 2020 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture D. The Sioux Example and what it tells usE. Saving the IndiansF. End of Native American Resistance on the plainsOutline of Current Lecture I. Settling the Frontiera. Boom Townsb. Transcontinental Railroadc. Settlementd. Life on the Frontiere. Cattle Drives and Cowboysf. Preservation movementCurrent LectureI. Settling the Frontier: Discovery of gold in California brings many out West.A. Boom Towns: These towns just all of the sudden came up because there is successful mining in the area, but if the mining dries up all of the sudden, the boom towns immediately become ghost towns.B. Transcontinental Railroad (1862): The construction of the transcontinental railroad also brings people out last.1. The Irish are building the union pacific from Omaha westward. The Irish were heavy drinkers and fought. They laid six miles of track in one day.2. The central pacific building from California eastward is forcedto rely on Chinese workers. They end up being excellent workers and do not drink like the Irish workers. These Chinese workers are working as hard as possible to save money to go back to China and buy land. Their only flaw was gambling. Many of them died, it is very cold in the mountains, and parish killed some. When Irish laid six miles, Chinese didn't want to be beat so the next day they built 7.5 miles, then Irish built 8 miles, and then Chinese built 10 miles in one day which was never surpassed.3. (The entire railroad was completed in 7 years which was 7 years ahead of schedule.)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Once the railroad was completed, the Chinese were not tolerated. Americans felt threatened by work. In 1882, US congress passes the Chinese Exclusion Act which prohibits Chinese to immigrate to America. This is racism. Ir was at first temporary but then made permanent.C. Settlement1. Enticements: for every mile of track laid, thousands of dollars are given to these companies. The government is doing this because they want the track laid so bad.This is a huge incentive for railroad companies. The companieswere recruiting people to move out west and sell this land for people who want to become farmers. Then the farmers will create produce that can use the railroads to move it to the next town. It is a win win for railroad companies. The companies can also decide what towns they want to go through and what they want to bypass. The companies offered threats that if you aren't producing enough, we will bypass your town.2. Homestead Act (1862): Anyone who would pay $10 and live on the land for 5 years and improve it (puta garden, built a house, etc.), can receive 160 acres of land free. This lures people westward.3. Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)-during civil war so put on back burner for a while, but after it took up- Promised every state gets 30,000 acres of land for every member of congress in that state. The states would then take that land and sell it. The proceeds raised for those land sells, must be used to establish colleges in order to teach people how to work on farms. These were called Land Grant Institutions, first one in the south- Auburn, Mississippi State University, Univ. of Arkansas.4. Oklahoma (1889): Oklahoma divided up land for whites (old Indian land) to move whites there. The people who lined up and claimed their land in Oklahoma were called "boomers." Some people cheated and would go claim land that they did not purchase when everyone else who bought it went to claim theirs; they were called "Sooners." This also brings Americans out west. D. Life on the Frontier: This was supposed to be the Promised Land.1. Living here was difficult and isolated. Labor was intense.2. Frontier communities: since there were little resources, people lived in sod houses.When it rained, water dripped through the roofs. Living conditionswere very rough. People thought this would be the Promised Land but it is by no means nice. Many returned to where they came from. Neighbors come together to build barns, churches, libraries, entertainment buildings, etc.. The difficult life drove people to come together and find God, socialize, etc.3. Women: You would not make it without the help of your spouse; men NEEDED women's help. Out west, efforts of women were more appreciated than in the east.-Women were granted the right to vote by the 19th amendment, but in these western states, women were granted the right to vote much sooner.E. Cattle Drives and Cowboys: It was the Spanish that introduced livestock and horses to Americans. Overtime, livestock that got away became Texas Longhorns. All you had to do was round them up. This created the "cowboy." They were rounding up these Texas longhorns and driving them to the open range. About 1/3 of the cowboys were African American. Cowboys drove a lot of freedom.F. Preservation movement: As Americans poured into the west; they saw a lot of great things. They said we should preserve these things.1. The first national park established in this country is Yellowstone National Park (1872). The reason for this was to set aside land that would be safe from advancement.2. John Muir traveled through parts of California for many years trying to set aside lots of land for preservation.3. John passed Yosemite National Park