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TnTech HIST 2020 - Impact of Industrialization cont.
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HIST 2020 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. BackgroundII. The Impact of Unchecked Industrializationa. New Products and Greater Accessb. Rise of Monopoliesc. Pollutiond. LaborOutline of Current Lecture D ContinuedIII. The Turmoil of Urban Lifea. Overcrowded citiesb. Lawlessness; crime, thefc. White, Native-born, Middle-class Protestants concernedd. Early Reform EffortsCurrent Lecture4. Child Labor: At this time many young kids are working, and they are paid very low. By 1880, 1 out of every 6 children under 15 were employed. They were likely to become injured. Some states had laws against child labor, but they were rarely enforced. Some families had no choice but to put their children to work. By 1900, 1 million children were employed in industrial labor.5. Women in the Workplace: Women are now entering the workplace. Their labor was no longer needed on the farm, so they went to the cities to work. Many saw this as a sign of independence and freedom. They would typically work in factories like sewing or offices for things like record keeping. They were always thought of as temporary employees. "Only working until they get pregnant, get married, etc" so they were not paid a full wage. By 1900, about 17% of the entire workforce was made up of women.6. African-American Laborers: African-Americans were making their way into the cities. A lot of blacks wanted to make their way out of the south and into large northern cities in order to have better These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.opportunities (about 300,000). Most of the jobs they were able to get were ones that required much work and service.7. Growth of Labor Unions: Initially these were not successful, but these were groups of workers coming together-NLU (National Labor Union) (1860's-1870's): Created in 1866, anyone can join. Skilled, nonskilled, african-americans, etc all workers may join.-Knights of Labor (1870's-1880's): Formed in 1869. They are trying to compensate for anyone as well. They are focusing on big issues like the NLU, like ownership of the railroads (public should own), equal pay for all, there should be income tax. There won't be much success for these because the government does not deal with businesses and most likely sides with them.-American Federation of Labor (AFL) (1886): This was the largest labor union. It was led by Samuel Gompers. Instead of letting anyone who worked join, they only let people who were skilled workers. These people focused on acheivable goals like better wages and shorter hours. By 1920, there were 4 million members of the AFL. This was the most successful labor union.-Industrial Workers of the Word (IWW) (1905): Called for workers to rise up and take over the means of production.-Why Large Scale Unionization Unsuccessful: Many Americans believe unionism is equivalent to socialism. This is not what anyone wanted. Many still believe that through hard work, they could create abetter life for themselves. This means no reason to turn to a union. There are also risks involved with unionization: blacklisting of those trying to unionize, dues have to be paid in unions.-Great Railroad Strike of 1877: Workers were getting angry and just walking off the job which was causing other workers to walk off too. Wages were reduced by 10%, and workers in West Virginia were cut even more. The railroad companies were paying dividends to stock holders, but they were cutting pay of employees. This made railroad workers strike on the job. 500,000 workers across the country were on strike. Destruction was made with $2 million in damage. The governors of nine states petition president Rutherford B. Hayes to send in troops to stop them. The troops escort strikers into facilities. Before long, others are taking the place of strike workers. The railroad company won once again because of the government.-Haymarket Square (1886): Workers are going to march onto Chicago and demonstrate workdays calling for shorter days. There happens to be another strike on this day there too. The police show up to put down the strike. They all gather at the Haymarket Square, police show up ordering them to disperse, oneof the protesters throws a bomb at police, one is killed and others are injured. Then the police are ordered to fire and kill all they


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TnTech HIST 2020 - Impact of Industrialization cont.

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