BIOL 2002C 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I Endocrine system and continuation of Hormone Table Outline of Current Lecture Exam for the First Hour 19 1 Functions of Blood 19 2 Composition of Blood 19 3 Plasma 19 4 Formed Elements Current Lecture 19 1 FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD 1 List and explain the ways blood functions to help maintain homeostasis in the body a Transport of gases nutrients and waste products Transport oxygen CO2 nutrients processed food and waste products b Transport of processed molecules Transport of Vitamin D and Lactic Acid a by product of anaerobic respiration c Transport of regulatory molecules Transport of hormones and enzymes d Regulation of pH and osmosis Regulation of pH water balance other processes which help to maintain homeostasis e Maintenance of body temperature Blood temperature is 100 4 F which is slightly higher than the body temperature f Protection against foreign substances These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Duty of White blood cells g Clot formation Due to the presence of platelets thrombocytes 19 2 COMPOSITION OF BLOOD 2 List the components of blood and their percentages a Plasma 55 of blood is plasma which is composed to water proteins and other solutes Proteins 7 Water 91 Other solutes 2 b Formed elements 45 of blood and is composed to platelets white blood cells WBC leukocytes and red blood cells RBC erythrocytes 3 Platelets 250 400 thousand per cubic mm WBC 5 10 thousand per cubic mm RBC 4 2 6 2 million per cubic mm Relate the average blood volume for males and for females 5 6 L in males and 4 5 L in females Critical thinking What do you think are possible reasons males have a larger blood volume than females Due to body size and increased growth males may have 19 3 PLASMA 4 Name the components of blood plasma and their percentages Fig 19 1 Plasma is considered a colloid particles suspended in a liquid medium Plasma Characteristics Sticky Pale Yellow a Water 91 b Proteins 7 Albumin Globulin Fibrinogen c Other Solutes 2 Electrolytes Na K Ca 2 Mg 2 Cl PO4 SO4 HCO3 help maintain blood pH and osmotic pressure etc Respiratory gases O2 CO2 Organic nutrients glucose amino acids fatty acids vitamins Hormones Other nitrogenous materials urea lactic acid creatinine Define serum plasma minus fibrinogen clotting protein what is used for testing plasma in medical laboratories 5 List the three major plasma proteins from most to least common and describe their functions Table 19 1 a Albumin 58 of plasma proteins transports bilirubin buffers pH helps maintain blood osmotic pressure b Globulins 38 of plasma proteins helps to fight infection transport lipids and hormones c Fibrinogen 4 of plasma proteins contains other clotting factors 19 4 FORMED ELEMENTS 6 List the three kinds of formed elements using both their common and technical names Give the normal values for the major formed elements Table 19 2 a Erythrocytes Red Blood Cells function to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide b Leukocytes White Blood Cells divided further into 2 subgroups granulocytes and agranulocytes There are 5 types of WBC which will be furthered discussed later within the chapter c Thrombocytes Platelets Important in blood clotting