ISS 215: Social Differentiation and InequalityLecture 2: Classical Theories of InequalityIn-Class NotesEmile Durkheim- Formal social control police, laws, controls what you do- Informal social control majority of life is ruled by social norms- Socials Norms accepted and excepted behavior- Common sense- Anomie when socials norms break downDurkheim and Social Inequality- When societies become more complex, inequality increases- External inequality based on things external to you- Ex. Born into a rich family- Internal inequality when you work hard, struggle, and succeed- Whenever there’s a revolution, the existing class structure will changeMax Weber- Vertical socialization everybody working is equal, no inequality- Horizontal socialization great deal of inequality- Ex. McDonald’s (owners, managers, employees)- Bureaucratic model (Weber thought it was a good thing)- Impersonal institution is most important, people with you do not matter- Hierarchy people up top, people below- Written system of rules rules and regulations given to you - Authority- Rational-legal power given to someone by the country/state to use on other people (Ex. Cop)- Traditional given to people by their beliefs and culture (Ex. Pope)- Charismatic someone who is personally charismatic- Classes- Economic, social position in society- Property people who have money, property, factories, etc.- Commercial people in business (big or small)- -Social you are considered high up due to your own efforts, not what you grewup with; independent of economic class, influenced by social status that attracts more attention- Status- A.) Social interaction confined to your social class- B.) The more successful the group, the more economic benefits you can give- C.) Tend to give the message “look at me, I’m powerful”- D.) Owning things that others cannot- Party- Give benefits to active members in their societyRuling Class and Elites- A.) Royal families, pharaoh, king and queens- B.) Landlords, nobles in Europe- C.)
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