GEO 155 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I Radiation Outline of Current Lecture II Energy Budget a Surface b Atmosphere c Other Energy Sources III Atmospheric Forces and Motion IV Coriolis Force Effect a Factors of Impact Current Lecture Global Energy Balance Note What we absorb from the sun is equal to what we emit Energy Budget Surface Absorbs 51 solar 92 counter radiation 143 units Emits 113 units 30 units of radiation surplus Atmosphere Absorbs 19 solar 107 terrestrial 126 units Emits 156 units 30 units of radiation deficit Other Energy Sources 30 units of energy 1 Conduction molecule to molecule transfer These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute a As in the ground surface has a lot of potential energy which it transfers from the surface to the atmosphere above it 2 Convection transfer by a flow of liquid or gas a Warmer gases and liquids are less dense than cooler gases and liquids so they tend to rise i The ground surface heats air which then rises to the atmosphere 3 Latent Heat Transfer energy used to evaporate water a Water is evaporated at the surface Thus the energy moves from the ground to the atmosphere Atmospheric Forces and Motion Atmospheric pressure is measured on maps by isobars lines of equal pressure Pressure gradient the difference in pressure across space o Creates pressure gradient force Pressure is stronger where isobars are closer together and these lines are always perpendicular to each other The closer the lines are on the map the steeper the slope The perpendicular arrows point in the direction of pressure gradient force Arrows point outward at high isobars Arrows point inward at low isobars Coriolis Force Effect This phenomenon is the apparent deflection due to the Earth s rotation Factors of Impact 1 Direction to the right in the Northern Hemisphere to the left in the Southern Hemisphere 2 Increases with latitude at the equator there is no spin thus there is no Coriolis Effect 3 Increases with velocity the faster the wind blows the greater the deflection
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