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CAMPBELL POL 229 - G-10: Interest Groups

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G-10: Interest GroupsChapter 10- Interest GroupsDefining Interest GroupsInterest Groups versus Political PartySlide 5Role & Functions of Interest GroupsThe Growth of Interest GroupsIncreased Demands on GovernmentDiversity of Organized InterestsSlide 101. Economic Interest GroupsSlide 12Slide 13Coalitions and DivisionsInterest Group Formation & MaintenanceObstacles of Interest Group FormationSlide 17Overcoming Obstacles to Interest Group Formation3 Selective Benefits of Interest GroupsSlide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Interest Group (IG) MaintenanceInterest Group BiasInterest Group StrategiesIG Strategy #1: Political Action Committees (PACs)Growth in Political Action Committees (PACs)PAC Spending 2003-2004Changes in PAC Contributions to Congress- Recent ComparisonIG Strategy #2: Lobbying the GovernmentLobbying the Government (#2)Slide 33Slide 34IG Strategy #3: Mobilize Public OpinionSlide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41IG Strategy #4: LitigatingInterest Group InfluenceSlide 44Internal Factors => The Details:The Balance Sheet on Interest GroupsThe Pros & Cons of Interest GroupsLobbyists & Lobbying ExpendituresPotential Corruption & Abuse of PowerThe Contributions of Interest Groups:Next Week’s AssignmentInterest Group KEY TERMSInterest Group KEY TERMS (2)Back-up SlidesCalls for ReformUnintended Consequences & LoopholesCreating Political Action Committees (PACs)Changes in PAC Contributions to CongressSlide 59Slide 60G-10: Interest Groups1Chapter 10- Interest Groups •(1). Define what an Interest Group is, and contrast its functions with political parties.•(2). Examine the role, characteristics, growth, and diverse types of Interest Groups.•(3). Explain how Interest Groups are formed and maintained, and discuss the obstacles.•(4). Examine the strategies of Interest Groups and Political Action Committees (PACs).•(5). Discuss the role and function of lobbyists & examine the various types of lobbying.•(6). Examine the role of Interest Groups in litigation, and define amicus curiae.•(7). Analyze influence of Interest Groups, and contrast external & internal factors.•(8). Assess the overall positive & negative impact of Int. Groups on the political process.•(9). Prepare for Midterm Exam (Chapters 1-10).23Defining Interest GroupsInterestGroupsAn organized group of people who share certain goals and try to influence ?___________.How is it different from a Political Party?*4Interest Groups versus Political PartyPurpose & priorities of Political Party? Purpose & priorities of Interest Group? ?_____ Elections & win _____________Influence ?_____________on an issue of particular Interest to the group5Five MainFunctions* ofInterest Groups??__________?__________?___________?___________?__________Role & Functions of Interest Groups •Five main functions of Interest Groups:–1. ?__________________ – stand for interest of members–2. ?__________________– enable people to participate•Government and Politics–3. ?______________ – members, public, & government officials•About issues of interest & why IG goals should be supported–4. ?_________________- push new issues onto public agenda•Examples: Consumer protection & Veterans issues–5. ?___________________- watch how laws are administered•Assess Federal or State Government regulation 6The Growth of Interest Groups •History & evolution of “factions”–De Tocqueville’s observations “forming associations”–Anti-slavery association of 1833–The Grange of 1860s (anti-Railroad monopolies) –National Woman Suffrage Association of 1869•Significant Interest Group (IG) growth since 1942:–From 600 IGs in 1942 to => 7000+ in 19957Why the growth of Interest Groups?Increased Demands on Government•More demands of public placed on Government:–Civil Rights & Anti-Vietnam War Legacies– Improvements & advances in technology–Rise of new issues almost every day8What are the different types of Interest Groups?Diversity of Organized Interests •Three general categories of Interest Groups:–1. ?___________________ Interest Groups–2. ?___________________ Interest Groups–3. ?___________________ Interest Groups •Examine each in greater detail=>910Business GroupsOrganized LaborAgricultural GroupsProfessional AssociationsEconomic Interest GroupsFour types:1. Economic Interest Groups•1. Business- (Chamber of Commerce, NAM) –Trade Associations (Alliance of Automobile Man.)•2. Organized Labor – (AFL-CIO, Amer. Fed. Of Teachers)•3. Agricultural Groups - –(American Farm Bureau-large farms)–(National Farmer’s Union – smaller farms)–Specific commodities – (corn, hog, etc.) •4. Professional Associations - –(AMA, ABA, American Optometrists Association)–Also for advancement of women & minorities:•American Association for University Women•National Association for Black Accountants 1112Interest groups, also known as public interest groups, dedicated to promoting a ?___________of public policy rather than the economic interests of their members. 2. Citizen GroupsCitizen Groups- promote the Group’s vision of public good:American Civil Liberties Union & NRA Single issue groups (NAACP, Greenpeace, NOW)13StateGovernments3. Government Interest GroupsForeignGovernmentsLocalGovernmentsInterest Groups representing:Coalitions and Divisions •Groups of similar interests often join in coalitions–The Military Coalition => military & VA benefits–Environmental & Nature Conservation groups•Groups might also divide or realign on various issues that they agree or disagree on:–Politics & strange bedfellows:•NAFTA issue: role of Cross-cutting cleavages–Divided & realigned Environmental Interest Groups–Allied with business who either supported or opposed it14Interest Group Formation & Maintenance•Reasons why interest groups form?•?_______________________ Theory =>–Usually in response to Government policy–Threat to the status quo – The Cat Mother response•IGs form mostly in response to some government policy:–Policies affecting or potentially affecting members’ interests–Most are directly related to politics => influence gov. policy–Also some IGs formed for reasons unrelated to politics•Whose interest is usually represented?*–Rich & powerful - why?15?____________-$$$ status=> political activism16Obstacles of Interest Group FormationA dilemma created when people can obtain the benefits of interest group activity without paying ?__________ associated


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