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CAMPBELL POL 229 - Review of Chapter One

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Review of Chapter OneKey Terms Summary:Chapter 2a Learning Objectives - The Constitution:Introduction – some general pointsGeneral points- continued:Constitution as a Reflection of Political ConflictSlide 7Impact on ColoniesSlide 9The Articles of Confederation Key Questions:The Articles of ConfederationSlide 12Realities & Problems of the Articles of ConfederationShay’s RebellionThe Constitutional ConventionThree Critical Disputes:The Answers involved:The Politics of the Constitutional Convention:The Virginia Plan called for:Responsibilities of each branch:The Legislature under the Virginia PlanNew Jersey Plan Small States’ Counter-Proposal:The Connecticut CompromiseSlide 24The Slavery IssueThe Three-Fifths CompromiseDebate over Presidential PowersDetermining the Powers of the PresidentThe Politics of Ratification“Colossus of Despotism”The Federalists’ Response:The Rules for RatificationConstitution as a Reflection of the Founders’ PhilosophyClassical LiberalismThe Declaration of IndependenceMajority TyrannySlide 37Preventing Majority Tyranny – finding the balanceDemocracy vs. RepublicanismElectoral Rules #2: Indirect ElectionsDirect Elections- illustration:Indirect Elections (Before 17th Amendment*):Indirect Elections (After 17th Amendment):Fixed Terms of OfficeElectoral Rule #2: Staggered ElectionsElectoral Rule #3: Geographically Defined RepresentationSeparation of PowersSeparation of Powers and Checks and BalancesSeparation of Powers and Checks and Balances (examples)Preventing Majority Tyranny – finding the balance (continued #2):FederalismPreventing Majority Tyranny – finding the balance (continued #3):Key Terms & Next Class prep:Review of Chapter OneReview of Chapter One•SourcesSources of of Political ConflictPolitical Conflict??•Government’s roleGovernment’s role in in Political ConflictPolitical Conflict??•ToolsTools of Government for its role? of Government for its role?•Gov’s Gov’s method to managemethod to manage Political Conflict?Political Conflict?•How are the How are the two main rule typestwo main rule types different? different?•What are the various source of What are the various source of structural structural rulesrules??•What is the What is the nature ofnature of the the RulesRules? ? •How & why do the Rules change with time?How & why do the Rules change with time?Key Terms Summary:Key Terms Summary:•Material scarcityMaterial scarcity:: The inability of a society to provide its The inability of a society to provide its citizens with all the goods and services they may want or need.citizens with all the goods and services they may want or need.•ValuesValues: : Principles and beliefs embraced by society.Principles and beliefs embraced by society.•LegitimacyLegitimacy:: A self-imposed willingness of citizens to respect and A self-imposed willingness of citizens to respect and obey the decisions of their government.obey the decisions of their government.•Coercive forceCoercive force:: The ability of a government to compel its The ability of a government to compel its citizens to obey its decisions.citizens to obey its decisions.•Structural rulesStructural rules:: Rules that establish the organization, Rules that establish the organization, procedures, and powers of government. procedures, and powers of government. •Policy rulePolicy rule:: A decision a government institution reaches on a A decision a government institution reaches on a specific political question within its jurisdiction.specific political question within its jurisdiction.Chapter 2a Chapter 2a Learning Learning ObjectivesObjectives - The Constitution:- The Constitution:•(1). Examine the Constitution as a reflection of political conflict.(1). Examine the Constitution as a reflection of political conflict.•(2). Discuss impact of the Colonial Experience on the (2). Discuss impact of the Colonial Experience on the founding founding fathers.fathers.•(3). Summarize the shortcomings of the (3). Summarize the shortcomings of the Articles of Articles of ConfederationConfederation..•(4). Examine politics of (4). Examine politics of Constitutional ConventionConstitutional Convention & its & its ratificationratification..•(5). Analyze political philosophy of Founding Fathers & influence. (5). Analyze political philosophy of Founding Fathers & influence. •(6). Examine the theoretical basis of the Declaration of (6). Examine the theoretical basis of the Declaration of Independence.Independence.•(7). Explain conflict: (7). Explain conflict: Individual RightsIndividual Rights vs. vs. majority majority Democratic Democratic Rule.Rule.•(8). Discuss potential problem of (8). Discuss potential problem of Majority Rule & Majority Rule & how its how its moderated.moderated.Introduction – some general Introduction – some general pointspoints •Short document compared with statesShort document compared with states•Oldest National constitution now in useOldest National constitution now in use•Little changed in contrasts to statesLittle changed in contrasts to states–27 amendments in over 200 years27 amendments in over 200 years–1st Ten Amendments made almost 1st Ten Amendments made almost immediately immediately •Americans hold Constitution in high Americans hold Constitution in high regardregard–But But most never read itmost never read it or know what’s in it or know what’s in itGeneral points- continued:General points- continued:•Constitution is a Constitution is a living documentliving document => => interpretationinterpretation–Lays out Lays out basic structurebasic structure & role of key political actors & role of key political actors•Constitution is a Constitution is a political documentpolitical document=>=> not not perfectperfect–Represents Represents political compromisespolitical compromises made at the time made at the time –Written in a way to gain ratification of most statesWritten in a way to gain ratification of most states–Difficult issues side stepped or madeDifficult issues side stepped or made ambiguous ambiguous•SlaverySlavery & & women’s women’s rights left to future generationsrights left to future generationsConstitution as a Reflection of Constitution as a Reflection of Political ConflictPolitical Conflict •The Colonial Experience:The Colonial Experience:–previous 150 years of relative independenceprevious 150 years of relative independence–Parliament’s post


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