Review Document for lectures 10 11 Selective Toxicity and Sulfonamides T Guenthner Lecture 10 Refer to your handout and know Definitions Chemotherapy Selective Toxicity Chemotherapeutic Index General bases for selective toxicity The table in the handout summarizes the important ones for the drugs we are presenting General bases for drug resistance again summarized in h o How R factor plasmids work How environmental antibiotics encourage the development of multiresistant organisms Lecture 11 Sulfonamides Know the basic sulfonamide structure and how it relates to PABA Know in a general way the folate synthesis pathway and where it is affected by sulfonamides and trimethoprim Know why they are selectively toxic to microorganisms Important factors of disposition are rapid absorbtion high degree of plasma protein binding metabolism elimination Know major toxicities and side effects ESP Hematological and dermatological How do bacteria become resistant Compare mechanism of action of trirnethoprim to that of SA s What combinations are used Why is this an effective combination Know short acting vs long acting Know names of 4 major short acting and 1 long acting Why are non absorbable SA s used Major uses for bacterial and non bacterial infections Quinolones oxacin drugs What is their common structural feature How do they work Why are they selectively toxic What side effects are known What is their general clinical usefulness Study Aid for lectures 12 13 19 21 M Radulovacki Lectures 12 13 1 Know the components of bacterial composition 2 Know the mechanism of antimicrobial activity for penicillins cephalosporins bacitracin cyclosporin aztreonam imipenem and the aminoglycosides 3 Know the classification of penicillins and cephalosporins according to their chemical structure and their antimicrobial spectrum 4 Know the most common adverse effects of the antimicrobial drugs Lecture 19 1 Know the major symptoms of tuberculosis and leprosy 2 Know the mechanism of action of first and second line of anti TB drugs 3 Know the antimycobacterial agents used in prophylaxis and treatment of TB 4 Know the most common adverse effects of the therapy Lecture 20 1 Know the topical and systemic antifungal agents 2 Know the mechanism of action of antifungal agents 3 Know the differences in absorption and adverse effects of imidazoles and triazoles 4 Know the serious adverse effects of systemic antifungal agents Lecture 21 1 Know the major svmptoms of malaria onchocerciasis amebiasis and giardiasis 2 Know the drugs of choice and mechanism of action of antihelminthic agents 3 Know the mechanism of action prophylactic and therapeutic use of antimalarial drugs 4 Know the major adverse effects Study Aid for Lectures 14 15 17 G C Le Breton Lecture 14 1 Know the mechanism of antimicrobial activity for the tetracyclines chloramphenicol and the macrolides 2 Know the mechanisms of bacterial resistance 3 Know the most common applications of these antibiotics for the treatment of disease 4 Know the most common side affects or drug interactions Lectures 15 16 1 If given the name of an antineoplastic know how to place it in a specific class For the alkylating agents know the subclasses e g nitrosoureas which can cross the blood brain barrier 2 Know the mechanism of cytotoxicity of the different classes 3 Most antineoplastics inhibit bone marrow function Remember the exceptions to this rule e g vincristine asparginase bleomycin 4 Regarding therapeutic uses Remember those drugs which are listed as drug of choice most effective agent or named combination regimen e g MOPP For the rest divide the neoplastic diseases into categories and list the drugs from each class which can be used For the most part the uses in the handout are listed in the order of their effectiveness Know at least one application for each drug 5 Know how resistance can develop and specific drug interactions Lecture 17 1 Know different classes of immunosuppressants 2 Know which drugs interfere with T or B cell function as well as their uses and toxicities 3 Know the most common side effects
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