Kellermann 1 Diana KellermannProfessor HealyJava Programming ITP120February 5, 2010Programming LanguagesSeveral hundred programming languages continued on and exist today, and each has its own syntax, or rules. Some languages work with only certain computers. Other languages are forspecific purposes, such as scientific or business applications. Many languages, however, run on several types of computers. These programming languages often follow standards set by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).7The five major categories of programming languages are machine languages, assembly languages, third-generation languages, fourth-generation languages, and fifth-generation languages. These are further divided into low-level languages and high-level languages8 (Discovering Computers). A low-level language is a programming language that is machine dependent; that is, it runs on only one particular computer. By contrast, a high-level language is machine independent; it can run on many different types of computers and operating systems.Machine language is the first generation of programming language and the only languagethe computer directly recognizes. Machine language instructions use a series of binary digits thatcorrespond to the on and off electrical states of a computer. Assembly language, the second generation of programming languages, uses symbolic instruction codes. Symbolic instruction 7 Westner and Wilmot note that ANSI standard programs can run on many different types of computers, as well as many different operating systems.8 Java was introduced in 1995 and is completely object-oriented.Kellermann 2 codes are meaningful abbreviations or codes, such as A for addition, C for compare, L for load, or M for multiply.Third-generation languages (3GL) are procedural languages that use a series of English-like words to write instructions. For example, ADD stands for addition or PRINT means to print. Fourth-generation languages (4GL) also use English-like words to write instructions, but they arenonprocedural. The syntax of a 4GL is closer to human language (Clayton 38). A fifth-generationlanguage (5GL) provides a visual or graphical interface for creating code. Web development tools sometimes use 5GLs. Check with the Microsoft Network9 (MSN) for better email service and email programming.When writing programs, a computer10 programmer follows a series of steps to build the computer programs. The program development cycle includes these six steps: analyze the requirements, design the solution, validate the design, implement the design, test the solution, and document the solution. Program development is an ongoing process.9 MSN is means Microsoft Network; Copyright Microsoft Corp 200610 A computer is a fast, electronic machineKellermann 3 Works CitedClayton, Delbert S. “From Machine Language to 5GLs: Evolution of Programming.” InfoPress Monthly Dec. 2005: 29-44.Discovering Comptuers. Shelly Cashman Series®. Course Technology. 3 October 2005. www.scsite.com.Westner, Robert N., and Cynthia Wilmot. The Condensed History of Programming. Boston: CompuPress Publishing, 2005.X1 + X2 = X3 (Demo subscripts) use Ctrl+= type number, etcE = M * C2 R2 = X2 + Y2 use Ctrl Shift Plus Sign for exponents:-|  Indifferent face 