CMPE 003 Computer Concepts Final exam Review of Chapters 6 10 12 13 14 Chapter 6 Storage and Multimedia The Facts and More Important Points 1 2 3 LIST THE BENEFITS OF SECONDARY STORAGE a Space b Reliability c Convenience d Economy IDENTIFY AND DESCRIBE STORAGE MEDIA AVAILABLE FOR PERSONAL COMPUTERS a Magnetic disk storage i data represented in magnetic spots 1 magnetized spot 1 generates an electronic impulse 2 non magnetized spot 0 does not generate an electronic impulse b Optical disk storage i data is written with a laser ii read only media iii Write Once Read Many media WORM iv Magneto Optical MO v Compact Disks 1 Compact Disk Read Only Memory CD ROM 2 Compact Disk Recordable CD R 3 Compact Disk Rewritable CD RW vi Digital Versatile Disk 1 Digital Versatile Disk Read Only Memory DVD ROM 2 Writable version of Digital Versatile Disk DVD RAM c Magnetic tape storage i data represented in magnetic spots ii primarily used for backup DIFFERENTIATE AMONG THE PRINCIPAL TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE a Diskette i low capacity small files ii portable iii flexible Mylar coated with metallic substance iv hard plastic jacket for protection v 3 inch vi 1 44 MB b High capacity portable disks i larger files ii portable iii 120 200 MB iv zip disk 250 MB c Hard Disk i various sizes 4 ii non portable iii rigid platter coated with metallic substance iv disk pack several platters combined to handle storage needs d Optical disk i laser writes on metallic material spread over the surface of disk ii technology 1 read only media 2 WORM Write Once Read Many media 3 Magneto Optical MO hybrid high volume capacity written multiple times iii Compact Disks CD 1 CD ROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory high capacity portable read multiple times cannot record 2 CD R Compact Disc Recordable high capacity portable write once read multiple times 3 CR RW Compact Disk Rewritable high capacity portable read multiple times record multiple times iv DVD Digital Versatile Disk 1 DVD ROM larger capacity than CD ROM data is packed more densely read multiple times cannot record 2 DVD RAM writable version of DVD e Magnetic tape storage i plastic tape with magnetic coating ii inferior to disks 1 not as reliable 2 sequential access to data iii inexpensive iv primarily for backup DESCRIBE HOW DATA IS STORED ON A DISK a Read write operation i disk drive reads and writes ii disks rotate in the disk drive iii access arm moves read write head over a particular location iv read write operation begins and continues until complete v data is transferred to from memory b Logical layout of a disk i 5 6 tracks 1 concentric circles ii sector 1 pie shaped divisions 2 holds a fixed number of bytes 512 bytes iii each track and sector stores the same amount of data 1 data packed densely on inner tracks 2 outer tracks do not store data as efficiently iv zone recording 1 assigns more sectors to tracks in outer zones 2 more sectors more data storage available v cluster 1 adjacent sectors treated as a unit of storage 2 fixed number two to eight sectors 3 minimum space allocated to a file vi cylinder 1 same track on each platter 2 files too large for one track are stored in cylinder across multiple platters DISCUSS THE BENEFITS OF MULTIMEDIA a Presents information with text illustrations photos narration music animation film clips b See and hear c Support for animation d Enhances business and education EXPLAIN HOW DATA IS ORGANIZED ACCESSED AND PROCESSED a Organization i character ii field iii record iv file v database b Access i sequential ii direct iii indexed c Processing i business processing 1 transaction updates a record 2 master file contains all the data ii types 1 batch collect transactions update periodically 2 transaction processed immediately real time online terminals connected to the computer that returns results immediately immediate access to stored data immediate updating of stored data 3 computer system may use both processing types based upon the application Chapter 10 Security and Privacy Computers and the Internet Important Points 1 2 EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMPUTER CRIME AND THE DIFFICULTIES OF DISCOVERY AND PROSECUTION a Computer crime often involves stealing and using or selling company and personal data b Employers and individuals need to recognize the possible danger from computer systems and protect their assets c Data communications capabilities provide new challenges Home computers can be used to invade computer systems d Computers can be used to transfer or change assets in the criminal s favor e Discovery i difficult ii accidental iii 85 of computer crimes are never reported f Prosecution i victims lack technical knowledge to understand the crime ii computer fraud and abuse act 1986 1 computer criminals subject to fines jail time confiscation of hardware iii computer forensics 1 uncovering computer stored information suitable for use in course of law DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF SECURING CORPORATE DATA INCLUDING SOFTWARE AND DATA SECURITY DISASTER RECOVERY PLANS AND SECURITY LEGISLATION a Protect a computer system and data from deliberate or accidental damage b Provide access to authorized individuals only i what you have ii what you know iii what you do iv what you are c Disaster recovery plan i restoring computer processing operations and data files if operations are halted or files are damaged by major destruction ii approaches 1 use manual services temporarily 2 purchase time from a service bureau 3 mutual aid pact 4 consortium d Software security i company ownership if programmer is employee ii 3 contractual agreement governs ownership if the programmer is not an employee iii software can be copyrighted e Data security i secured waste ii internal controls iii auditor checks iv applicant screening v passwords vi built in software protection f Personal computer security i physical security with locks and cables ii surge protector iii uninterruptible power supply UPS iv back up files regularly and systematically g Privacy Legislation i Fair Credit Reporting Act 1970 ii Freedom of Information Act 1970 iii Federal Privacy Act 1974 iv Video Privacy Protection Act 1988 v Computer Matching and Privacy Protections Act 1988 vi Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 1966 DESCRIBE IN GENERAL TERMS HOW VIRUSES WORK THE DAMAGE THEY CAN CAUSE AND PROCEDURES USED TO PREVENT THIS DAMAGE a What is a virus i set of illicit instructions embedded in a file that passes itself onto other files when it comes into