HD 204 1st Edition Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I Family Stress II Developmental Perspective III Life Course Perspective IV Stressors V Stages of Life Cycle and Stress Outline of Current Lecture I Families with Adolescents II Launching Children and Midlife III Families in Later Life IV Family Communication and Unpredictable Stress V Family Crises and Coping VI Resilient Families VII The Coping Process VIII Hill s ABCX Model of Stress IX What happens after a family in crisis Current Lecture I Families with Adolescents a Adolescents struggling with changes related to sexuality identity autonomy friendships b Parent child relationship changes Privacy and separation More frequent conflict Greater distancing from opposite gender parents These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute c Transition aided by straight forward communication attentive listening and warmth d Prior patterns predict relationships during adolescence e Variation II SES Shortened adolescence Delayed education launching Launching Children and Midlife a Parent child relationships Shift of responsibility Greater involvement than previous generations Early departures b Partnership Second honeymoon Divorce also common c Relationships with aging parent Sandwich generation Parents taking care of their parents and children d Relationships with siblings e Variations III Position oriented families Grandparents as custodial parents Off time vs on time Culture Families in Later Life a Retirement More problematic if husband retires first Loss of professional identity and social networks Men likely to depend on wives b Partnerships Living apart together c Health issues Physical changes of aging Lower self esteem create stress communication frustrations Serious illnesses Impact on marital relationship d Importance of communication IV Reminiscing and storytelling Economic constraints Family Communication and Unpredictable Stress a Unpredictable Stress V Events and circumstances that disrupt life patterns and cannot be foreseen Can be positive or negative Can come from inside or outside family Ambiguous loss Physically present but psychologically absent Psychologically present but physically absent Family Crises and Coping a Stress becomes a crisis when a family lacks the resources to cope with what has happened b Coping capacity depends on VI Number of previous stressors Degree of role change involved in coping Social support available Institutional support available Economic resources Resilient Families a Have an ability to do well in the face of adversity b Find opportunities to grow as they confront a crisis c Also tend to have Internal strengths Connected to community or religious organizations VII The Coping Process a Coping way that families eliminate manage or adapt to stress b Family stress model Hill VIII Family s attempt to deal with stress involves several components Stressor a Resources b Definition c Hill s ABCX Model of Stress a Stressor Event a Has potential to change family system Examples Divorce Suicide Death due to AIDS HIV Fired from a job Bankruptcy b Existing Resources b Resources include Attitudes Material and emotional support Relationships Examples Family members money community workers problem solving ability decision making skills previous experience Access and use of resources influenced by cohesion and adaptability c Perception of the situation c The way a family interprets the stressor event Threatening challenging or neutral Manageable or out of control Example Elderly grandmother dies after long difficult battle with cancer Mother of two young children is killed by a drunk driver d Outcome Crisis x IX X level of disruption and disorganization experienced by the family Crisis has occurred when the old ways of doing things don t work Not always a crisis What happens after a family in crisis a Double ABCX model 282 in textbook Incorporates family s efforts to recover over time aA pileup Initial stressor and its hardships Normative transitions Prior strains The consequences of the system trying to cope Ambiguity bB existing and new resources Ability to draw from existing and new resources cC perception of x aA Bb Family interpretation of the crisis and adequacy of resources Bon adaptation xX Mal adaptation Balance of demands and resources between o Individual and family o Family and community Imbalance mal adaptation Balance bon adaptation bon good