UCLA LING 103 - ChartsForEnglishBroadTranscription (2 pages)

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Summary of English Consonants and Vowels Linguistics 103 General Phonetics Hayes Thatte Winter 2007 I Consonants Place Manner STOPS Bilabial voiceless voiced FRICATIVES voiceless voiced AFFRICATES voiceless voiced NASALS voiced APPROXIMANTS central voiced lateral TAP voiced LabioDental Inter Dental p pot b bot f font vVons m Mott T thought though Alveo lar t tot d dot s sot z zot n not r2 5 rot l lot 4 R otter PalatoAlveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar LabialVelar Glottal 1 k cot g got S shot Z vision t S chalk d Z jot h hot 3 N song j yacht w watt Not a phoneme of English but commonly pronounced before vowels in emphatic speech an apple n pl Correct IPA for central alveolar approximant is Ladefoged uses a very broad transcription instead namely r In strict IPA r is a tongue tip trill 3 In some English dialects the r sound is a retroflex approximant made by curling the tip of the tongue upward and backward Check to see how you say this sound 4 Occurs as the normal variant allophone of t and d when the preceding sound is a vowel diphthong or and the following sound is a stressless vowel as in butter 1 2 Linguistics 103 Summary of English Consonants and Vowels II Vowels where the relevant English vowel is a diphthong it is so transcribed High upper Front unrounded i beat Central unrounded Back unrounded rounded u boot Rose s Mid lower upper I bit e I bait lower E bet Q bat Low U foot o U boat about a 6 but A bot bought5 Diphthongs e I bait o U boat a U bout a I bite I boy Bert stressed retroflexed mid central vowel also called syllabic r also butter same as but stressless Diacritics primary stress placed before the stressed syllable secondary stress placed before the stressed syllable syllabic placed under l and n when they are syllabic l ge IS n allegation 5 6 l ge I alligator Er s t l Aristotle Bought has only in some American dialects many speakers have no they use in bought and similar words Occurs only as the first element of the diphthongs aI and aU 2