Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition Chapter 8 Systems DevelopmentPrinciples and Learning Objectives • Effective systems development requires a team effort of stakeholders, users, managers, systems development specialists, and various support personnel, and it starts with careful planning – Identify the key participants in the systems development process and discuss their roles – Define the term information systems planning and discuss the importance of planning a project Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 2Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 3 Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) • Systems development often uses different approaches and tools such as traditional development, prototyping, rapid application development, end-user development, computer-aided software engineering, and object-oriented development to select, implement, and monitor projects – Discuss the key features, advantages, and disadvantages of the traditional, prototyping, rapid application development, and end-user systems development life cyclesPrinciples and Learning Objectives (continued) – Discuss the use of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools and the object-oriented approach to systems development • Systems development starts with investigation and analysis of existing systems – State the purpose of systems investigation – Discuss the importance of performance and cost objectives – State the purpose of systems analysis and discuss some of the tools and techniques used in this phase of systems development Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 4Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) • Designing new systems or modifying existing ones should always be aimed at helping an organization achieve its goals – State the purpose of systems design and discuss the differences between logical and physical systems design – Discuss the issues involved in environmental design – Define the term RFP and discuss how this document is used to drive the acquisition of hardware and software Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 5Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) • The primary emphasis of systems implementation is to make sure that the right information is delivered to the right person in the right format at the right time – State the purpose of systems implementation and discuss the various activities associated with this phase of systems development Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 6Principles and Learning Objectives (continued) • Maintenance and review add to the useful life of a system but can consume large amounts of resources, so they benefit from the same rigorous methods and project management techniques applied to systems development – State the importance of systems and software maintenance and discuss the activities involved – Describe the systems review process Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 7Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 8 An Overview of Systems Development • Corporations and nonprofit organizations – Use systems development to achieve their goals • First Health of the Carolinas – Upgraded old imaging system to slash costs and provide better health care for patients – Reduced costs by more than 30 percent – Offered doctors better radiological images to improve patient careFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 9 Participants in Systems Development • Development team – Project managers – Stakeholders – Users – Systems analysts – ProgrammersFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 10 Participants in Systems Development (continued)Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 11 Information Systems Planning and Aligning Corporate and IS Goals • Information systems planning – Translating strategic and organizational goals into systems development initiatives • Aligning corporate and IS goals – Critical for any successful systems development effort – IS plan should guide development of the IS infrastructure over timeFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 12 Information Systems Planning and Aligning Corporate and IS Goals (continued)Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 13 Systems Development Life Cycles • The systems development process is also called systems development life cycle (SDLC) • The life of the system continues as it is maintained and reviewedFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 14 The Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle • Systems investigation • Systems analysis • Systems design • Systems implementation • Systems maintenance and reviewFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 15 The Traditional Systems Development Life Cycle (continued)Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 16 Prototyping • Takes an iterative approach to the systems development process • Begins with creating a preliminary model of a major subsystem or a scaled-down version of the entire systemFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 17 Prototyping (continued)Fundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 18 Rapid Application Development, Agile Development, Joint Application Development, and Other Systems Development Approaches • Rapid application development (RAD) – Employs tools, techniques, and methodologies designed to speed application development • Joint application development (JAD) – A process for data collection and requirements analysis – Originally developed by IBM Canada in the 1970sFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 19 The End-User Systems Development • Any systems development project in which business managers and users assume the primary effort • Managers and other users can get the systems they want without having to wait for IS professionals to develop and deliver themFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 20 Outsourcing and On-Demand Computing • Reasons for using outsourcing and on demand computing: – Reducing costs – Obtaining state-of-the-art technology – Eliminating staffing and personnel problems – Increasing technological flexibilityFundamentals of Information Systems, Fifth Edition 21 Use of
View Full Document
Unlocking...