Let’s Test Your Early Morning Monday Knowledge!A) With your neighbor, and without your book, draw:1. Global Water Cycle2. Global Carbon Cycle3. Global Nitrogen CycleB) Create a list indicating the ways that you directly impact these cycles.C) Identify one thing on your list that you are willing to change today.Gene Expression and regulationWK 10Transcription, genetic code, translationWK 9Nucleic acids, chromosomes, central dogmaWK 8Krebs cycle, electron transportWK 7Respiration/glycolysisWK 6Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids and membranes;WK 5Human Impacts on EcosystemsBiodiversity and Conservation; Cells structure WK 4Community EcologyWK 3Behavioral and Population EcologyWK 2Intro to EcologyBiodiversity and Ecosystem FunctionWK 1BIOLOGY TOPICSDATESWeek 5 Homework: Conceptual Review questions at the end of chapters 5 and 7.6 CO2 + 6 H2O sunlight C6H12O6+ 6 O2C6H12O66 CO2 + 6 H2O PhotosynthesisCellular RespirationNet Primary Productivity = NPPEnergy Available to secondary consumersMeasured by a) photosynthesis or b) biomassFood Chains Connect Trophic Levels (top have no predators)Food Webs Show Trophic RelationshipsPyramid of ProductivityMuch of the energy is lost at each level:A) Much of the primary producer products are not available to herbivores – eg. LigninB) Many herbivores are not consumed by secondary consumersDetritus is the Limiting Agent for Movement of Nutrients Through EcosystemsRate of Decompostion is Linked to Temperature and PrecipitationWarm, Wet Climates are Found Near the Equator(Same area where NPP is the highest)1. Compare and contrast the energy-flow, dynamic-stability, and environmental-complexity hypotheses for food-chain length.2. On a global scale, what is the most important limitation on productivity in marine habitats?a. Nutrientsb. Water temperaturec. Water qualityd. Amount of incident radiation (sunlight)3. When I was in college, a friend of mine was asked why he was a vegetarian. He replied, “It’s supposedly more efficient.” What did he mean?a. It’s cheaper (meat costs more than grains, beans, and vegetables).b. He is diversifying his sources of protein and fat instead of relying primarily on animal sources.c. It’s a faster, safer, and more-effective way to lose weight than high-protein (high meat) diets.d. Eating primary producers instead of consumers avoids energy losses.4. Iron fertilization experiments in the open ocean dramaticallyincrease biomass production. Most researchers are cautious aboutpromoting large-scale Fe fertilization as a way to lower atmospheric CO2, however. Why?a. Accumulation of organic debris could lead to the formation ofmassive “dead zones.”b. Heat generated by the increased biomass would exacerbate global warming.c. The increased NPP would increase the number of consumers and cause valuable fish populations to increase.d. Taking CO2 out of the atmosphere over the open ocean would not help mitigate global warming over the continents.5. Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback on global warming?a. Large quantities of methane (CH4) are trapped in permafrost. Permafrost is melting and releasing CH4. CH4is a greenhouse gas.b. The oceans are warming, leading to an increase in the intensity of hurricanes.c. Increased CO2levels and temperatures may increase plant productivity.d. Glaciers and icecaps are melting, leading to a rise in sea levels.6. Why does the efficiency of energy transfer (in terms of amount of biomass that is turned into biomass) decline as you go up in trophiclevel?a. In order to find food, tertiary consumers move around a lot more than secondary or primary consumers.b. All tertiary consumers are endotherms and lose a great deal of energy as heat.c. There are fewer predators than prey.d. Species diversity is not as high at the upper trophic levels.Movement Generated by CW or CCW turningEnergy is proton motive forceMovement is by the flagella/cilia moving up and downEnergy is
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