PSY 380: EXAM 2
30 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
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Centration`
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Focuses on one idea, excluding all others
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Focus on appearance
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Ignores all attributes that are not apparent
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Static reasoning
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Nothing changes; whatever is now has been and always will be
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Irreversibility
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Nothing can be undone, a thing cannot be restored to the way it was before a change occurred
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Conservation
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Principle that the amount of a substance remains the same when its appearance changes
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Theory-theory
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Children attempt to explain everything they see and hear
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Fast-mapping
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Speedy and sometimes imprecise word-learning
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Logical extension
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Occurs when children use words to describe other objects in same category
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Over-regularization
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Application of rules of grammar even when exceptions occur
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Effortful control
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Ability to regulate one's emotions & actions through effort
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Extrinsic motivation
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Arises from the need to have achievements rewarded from outside
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Intrinsic motivation
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Behavior driven by internal rewards
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Overjustification effect
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Extrinsic motivation undermines intrinsic motivation
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Oedipus complex
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Young boys attracted to mom and see dad as obstacle
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Electra complex
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Young girls attracted to dad and see mom as obstacle
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Authoritarian
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High behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct, little communication
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Permissive
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High nurturance and communication but little discipline, guidance, or control
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Authoritative
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Parents set limits and enforce rules but are flexible and listen to their children
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Neglectful/uninvolved
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Parents are indifferent toward their children and unaware of what's going on in their lives
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Selective attention
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Concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others
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Automaticity
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Repetition of a sequence of thoughts and actions makes the sequence routine
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Flynn Effect
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Rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the decades
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Transitive inference
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Ability to figure out the unspoken link between one fact and another
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Seriation
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Includes knowledge that things can be arranged in logical series
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Self-concept
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Contains ideas about self that include intelligence, personality, abilities, gender, and ethnicity
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Social comparison
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Comparing one's attributes to those of others
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Ostracism
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Being ignored/excluded by people around you
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Preconventional moral reasoning
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Emphasizes reward and punishments
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Conventional moral reasoning
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Emphasizes social rules
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Postconventional moral reasoning
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emphasizes moral principles
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PSY 380: Abnormal Psychology