PSY B380 1st Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 3 Lecture 1 August 21 Psychopathology is the study of nature development and treatment of psychological disorders There are 4 characteristics of stigma 1 Distinguishing label is applied 2 Label refers to undesirable attributes 3 People with label are seen as different 4 People with label are discriminated against Characteristics of Mental Disorders 1 Personal Distress 2 Disability 3 Violation of Social Norms 4 Dysfunction Psychopathology has evolved since demonology Hippocrates thought that mental disturbances have natural causes he differentiated between 3 categories mania melancholia and phrenitis 4 Humors blood black bile yellow bile and phlegm Know the history of the evolution dark ages witches lunacy trials asylums moral treatment deinstitutionalization Early biological treatments such as Electro convulsive therapy Lobotomy Emil Kraeplin 2 major syndromes dementia praecox manic depressive psychosis Psychological perspectives Structures of the mind Id ego superego and their functions Psychosexual development oral anal phallic latency and Genital Know Fixation and Regression Defense Mechanisms how conflict will generate anxiety Rise of Behaviorism Classical conditioning UCS UCR CS CR Operant conditioning reinforcement and punishment Lecture 2 August 26 Current paradigms of psychopathology were discussed in this lecture What is a paradigm The goal of a paradigm is to study abnormal behavior scientifically Genetic Behavioral Paradigm How heredity plays a role in behavior It is bidirectional nature via nurture Know what genes are responsible and what gene expression is Environmental effects Shared vs nonshared environments Environment interaction Ones response to a specific environmental event is influenced by genes Know what Epigenetics are Neuroscience Paradigm 3 major components of the paradigm 1 Neurons and Neurotransmitters 2 The brain structure and functions 3 The Neuroendocrine system HPA The difference between an excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter Neurotransmitters to know Serotonin Dopamine Norepinephrine and GABA Brain structure know the frontal lobe function and the subcortical structures The HPA axis Involved in stress Treatment with Neuroscience Psychoactive drugs are mostly used Criticism for the neuroscience paradigm Reductionism know what this term means Lecture 3 August 28 Paradigm lecture continued Cognitive Behavioral Paradigm Cognition a mental process which includes perceiving judging reasoning conceiving and recognizing Schema Assimilation vs Accomodation The role of the unconscious pathogenic beliefs vs Implicit memory Know what Cognitive Behavior Therapy is and it s goal Beck and Ellis contribution to CBT Ellis rational emotive therapy Must vs Shoulds Criticisms of CB Paradigm Causal status unclear Is it really different from behavioral theory Interpersonal factors Object relations theory Attachment theory Relational Self Interpersonal Therapy Know the factors common to paradigms Emotion and its components Ideal affect Cultural factors that influence ideal affect Socio cultural factors Know the Diathesis stress model