Front Back
The front two quarters of a dairy cow contributes about 40% of the milk produced by the udder T/F
TRUE
Relaxin causes relaxation of the cervix during estrus to allow sperm to move through the cervix for fertilization. T/F
FALSE
It is important for the dairy cow to stay with its mother for the first 7 days of its life to ensure adequate colostrum intake. T/F
FALSE
In the female repro. tract, the fertile life of the ova is usually shorter than that of the sperm. T/F
TRUE
The sigmoid flexure can be found in the ram, bull, and buck but not the stallion. T/F
TRUE
Iodine is necessary for the proper function of the thyroid hormones. T/F
TRUE
There is normally no exchange of milk between the four quarters of the cows udder. T/F
TRUE
The hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy, Prostaglandin, is produced by the placenta and the corpus luteum of the cow. T/F
FALSE
As a "rule of thumb" beef and dairy heifers should be bred after they have attained 65% of their mature weight. T/F
TRUE
The incomplete milking of a cow can cause a decline in milk production. T/F
TRUE
A pregnant cow that has its ovaries removed during the last trimester of the pregnancy has her ability to cary the fetus through the term. T/F
FALSE
Most breeds of sheep mate in the spring when the days are getting longer. T/F
FALSE
Estrumate, a prostaglandin-based synchronizing drug, requires multiple injections to synchronize the entire herd. T/F
TRUE
Estrogen is the hormone responsible for the alveolar development in the mammary gland. T/F
FALSE
Increasing the amount of roughage fed to the dairy cow will increase the amount of acetate produced in the rumen which will refuse milk fat levels. T/F
FALSE
A declining level of progesterone in the blood means that an LH surge will occur during 12 to 24 hours. T/F
TRUE
Approx. 20% more milk will be obtained with four times a day milking compared to three times a day milking. T/F
TRUE
Milk production will tend to be lower in dairy cows that calve during April and May compared to the cows calving in October-Novmeber. T/F
TRUE
The mare can conceive during foal heat. T/F
TRUE
In the cotyledonary type of placental attachment, cotyledons from the fetal tissue and caruncles from the maternal tissue from placentones will allow the transfer of nutrients from dam to fetus. T/F
TRUE
The main reason for the breeding of young female (heifers, gilts, etc.) before the reminder of the herd is to allow for a longer ______-_______ ___________ before re-breeding.
Post-Patrum interval
_____ _____ _____ is the muscle that forms the sigmoid flexure in the bull and the boar.
Retractor penis muscle
The two main ligaments that support the cow's udder are the ______ ______ and the _______ _______.
median suspensory and lateral suspensory
The four parts of the oviduct are the.
-fimbriae -ampulla -ishtmus -infundibulum
The three members of the placenta are the _______, which is the closest to the fetus, the _________, which is the middle membrane, and the _______, which is closest to the uterus.
aminon allantois chorion
The ____ _____ is the time in which the dairy cow is not milked so that her udder can recover and so that the cow can replenish her store of body fat.
dry period
_____ ______ is the primary hormone that causes ovulation, and the ______ _______ ______ is the primary hormone that causes the growth of the follicle.
Lutenizing Hormone Follicle stimulating hormone
The average gestation length of the cow is ____ _____, when the sows gestation length is _____ _____, and ewes is _____ _____.
275 days 234 days 114 days
________ is the hormone produced by the uterus that signals the cow that she is not pregnant, and causes regression of the _____ ______.
Prostaglandin Corpus Latuem
The persistency of the cow is her _______________ divided by her ___________.
months milk production last months milk production
The hormone ________ is released when a dairy cow is stressed and this hormone can cause a decrease in the milk received from the cow by blocking the action of the hormone ________.
Adrenaline Oxytocin
The _____ is the female with the shortest cycle, while the _____ is the female that ovulates post-estrus.
Ewe Cow
________- this synchronization drug used in the CIDR, is given to the female for a period of time and then removed to bring about estrus.
Progesterone
_________- the dams first milk is high in these proteins.
Immunoglodins
________- these muscle cells in the mammary gland are responsible for the milk let-down.
Myoepithelial
________- the cell layer of the blastocyst develops into the placenta.
Trophoblast
______- main cause of death in young calves.
Scours
________- the non-surgical process of collecting embryos from a donor cow following AI.
Flushing
_______ ______- mature follicle, near the ova, following ovulation.
Graafian follicle
_______- the site of semen deposition in the cow by the bull.
Vagina
______/_____- the best description of the changes in US milk production and dairy cow number in the past 50 years.
Increase/Decrease
_______ _____ ______- synchronizing drug that causes the release of the lutenizing hormone.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
_______- a ewe has this type of uterus, which has a large body and small horns.
Bipartite
_____-_____ _____- the sire of fertilization in the horse.
Ampulla-isthmus junction
___ _____- earliest recommended age in which heifers should be bred.
15 months
______- major disease that impacts the dairy industry and results in udder inflammation.
Mastitis 
__ ___- number of days used for the cows lactation record.
305 days
____- the section of the sows reproductive tract is made up of collagenous rings and acts as a barrier to the outside environment.
Cervix
_____- this component of milk increases in concentration as milk transitions from colostrum to whole milk.
Lactose
______ _______- this structure in the immature ruminant that shunts milk pass the rumen and into the abomasum.
esiphygeal groove
______- the basic secretory unit of the mammary gland.
Avelous
________- the term that describes the maturation of the sperm in the females reproductive tract.
Capacitation
______- hormones that stimulates and maintains milk production.
Prolactin
_____- sow and mares have this type of placental attachment.
Diffuse
_______- term used to describe calving difficulty associated with large birth weights.
Dystocia
_______- cell layer of the inner mass that will develop in the digestive tract.
Endoderm
______- site for semen accumulation near the posterior end of the vas deferens that is absent in the boar.
Ampulla
Six factors that affect milk production in dairy cattle.
Breed Age Size Season Disease Mastitis
Three ways to reduce the birth weight in beef cattle.
Genetic, look for a lower birthweight, control nutrition in the last trimester, and calve in the fall rather than the summer months- trying to reduce dystocia in the calf.
Five functions of the placenta.
Nutrition, respiration, hormone regulation, waste removal and protection.
3 advantages of AI
helps keep track of the record breeding, superior genetics, and helps eliminate disease.
Three main signs that sow is exhibiting estrus
erect ears, stand hand pressure, restlessness/vocalization
If you are checking heat twice a day, when would you breed the sow exhibiting estrus?
breed 12 hours after detection and 12 hours later
List the accessory sex glands in the boar.
Prostate gland, coupers gland, seminal vesicle

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