CBIO 2200: Exam 4
59 Cards in this Set
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1. The atlantoaxial joint is between
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Atlas and axis
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1. Joints can be classified according to the
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Structure or function of the joint
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1. A place where two or more bones come together is a(n)
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Joint and an articulation
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1. The symphysis pubis is between the
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Two pubic bones
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1. A joint that has no joint cavity and exhibits little or no movement would be
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Fibrous joint
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1. The joint between the teeth and mandibular alveolus is an example of a
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Gomphosis
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1. Cartilaginous joints
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Unite two bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage
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1. In a syndesmosis
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The bones are held together by collagenous fibers called interosseous
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1. The epiphyseal plate of a growing is actually a temporary joint called a
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Synchondrosis
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1. A synchondrosis contains _______ cartilage
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Hyaline
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1. An example of a symphysis is the
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Joint between vertebral bodies
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1. Articular cartilage
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Covers the ends of bones in synovial joints
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1. The function of a bursa is to
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Provide a fluid-filled cushion that reduces friction
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1. Synovial joints are different from both fibrous and cartilaginous joints because synovial
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Are enclosed by a joint capsule
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1. Synovial fluid
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Decrease friction between bones
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1. The synovial membrane
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Lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage
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1. This type of joint is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement
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Ball and socket
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1. Ellipsoid joints
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Are actually modified ball and socket joints
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1. Which of the following joints is most movable?
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Synovial
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1. The cubital or elbow joint is an example of a _____ joint
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hinge
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1. Bowing the head is an example of
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flexion
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1. Bending the waist to one side is known as
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Lateral flexion
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1. Abnormal forced extension beyond normal range of motion is called
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Hyperextension
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1. A movement through 360 degrees that combine flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called
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Circumduction
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1. List the following structures in order from smallest to largest
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Myofilament, myofibril, muscle fiber, muscle fascicle
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1. Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly is called
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Pronation
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1. Rotating the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly is called
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Supination
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1. The medial meniscus is in the
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knee
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1. The muscles that hold the humeral head within the glenoid cavity are called
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rotator cuff
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1. Arthritis is defined as
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Inflammation of any joint
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1. Osteoarthritis is
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The most common type of arthritis
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1. Rheumatoid arthritis is
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An inflammation of any joint with an autoimmune attack against joint comm
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1. Skeletal muscle fibers
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Possess striations
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1. Muscle myofibrils
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Contain myosin and actin myofilaments
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1. Which of the following is composed of myosin molecules
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Thick myofilaments
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1. Which of the following is part of a thin myofilament?
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A globular (G) actin
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1. Troponin
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Has a calcium-binding site
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1. The region of the sarcomere that contains both actin and myosin myofilaments is called the
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A band
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A sarcomere extends from
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One z disk to the next z disk
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1. A sarcomere is the
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Structural and functional contractile unit of the skeletal muscle cell
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Actin myofilaments
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contain strands of fibrous actin
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1. Sarcoplasm is the
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Cytoplasm of muscle cell
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1. The sarcolemma is the
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Cell membrane of a muscle fiber
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1. The length of the resting sarcomere is
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Longer than the length of a contracted sarcomere
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1. The sites where a chemical substance is transmitted from the presynaptic terminal of an axon and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber is called
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Neuromuscular junctions
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1. Synaptic vesicles in the neuromuscular junction contain
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Acetylcholine
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1. When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal
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Calcium ions diffuse into the presynaptic terminal through voltage-gated ion channels.
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1. Acetylcholine is released from the presynaptic terminal by the process of
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Exocytosis
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1. T tubules are invaginations of the
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Sarcolemma
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1. T Tubules
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Conduct action potentials deep into the muscle cell
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1. The sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Stores calcium ions
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1. When the myosin head flexes into a bend, pulling the actin filament along with it, this is called the
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Power stroke
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1. Which of the following proteins is used to anchor the myofilaments and to help transmit the tension generated by the sarcomeres to the tendon?
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Dystrophin
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1. For a sprint lasting 10-40 seconds, ATP is supplied initially by:
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The phosphagen system and then by the glycogen-lactic acid system
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1. Rigor mortis occurs after death because
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Cross-bridges form but cannot release
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1. What is tropomyosin?
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A protein found along the groove of the F-actin double strand
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1. What is a triad?
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A T tubule and two adjacent terminal cisternae
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1. One muscle fiber is stimulated by how many somatic motor neurons?
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1
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Arrange the following list of biochemical events in the correct sequence
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i. An action potential is conducted deep into the muscle fiber by the T tubule
ii. The membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum become more permeable
iii. Calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasm around the myofibril
iv. Calcium ions bind to troponin
v. The troponin-trop…
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CBIO 2200: Exam 1