Bone Practice Questions Level 1 1 Name at least 5 tissue types found in a bone 2 What are the structural differences between spongy bone and compact bone 3 What two minerals are stored in bone and what are their functions in the body 4 How do the diaphysis and epiphysis of a bone differ in structure 5 What is the function of a nutrient foramen in bone 6 What organic and inorganic substances compose bone matrix 7 What are the effects of growth hormone and thyroid hormone on bone growth 8 What organs are involved in activating 7 dehydrocholesterol to calcitriol 9 When are parathyroid hormone and calcitriol produced and or secreted and what organs respond to them How does the response from those organs impact calcium homeostasis 10 How does calcitonin regulate blood calcium levels 11 Explain the risk of bearing weight on a bone when the fibrocartilage callus is forming 12 Also see Testing Your Recall for Chapter 7 Level 2 1 How could a physician determine whether a person had reached full height by examining x rays of the patient s bones 2 Given what you know about the effects of sex hormones and bone growth explain why there is a risk of stunted growth to a young boy pre puberty taking anabolic steroids substances that have effects similar to those of testosterone 3 Explain why women are more likely than men to develop osteoporosis 4 Explain the effect of weight bearing exercise on bone mass in both the short term and in the long term Include all of the following in your explanation Osteocytes osteoblasts osteoclasts Wolf s Law resorption deposition bone growth bone loss and aging 5 Also see Testing Your Comprehension for Chapter 7 Level 3 1 The traditional surgical procedure to treat advanced thyroid gland tumors is to remove the affected organ Some concerns with the results of this surgery were raised regarding the parathyroid glands which are small attachments on the posterior side of the thyroid gland Why should the surgeon be concerned about the removal of these glands A new procedure has been developed to sequester some parathyroid gland tissue into a plastic mesh holder and implant this small holder back into the body Why is this implant an advantage to the patient 2 A fireman fell from a ladder while fighting a fire and severely fractured the thigh and leg bones in his right leg He was hospitalized for several weeks then he was wheelchair bound for several months while his leg bones healed Upon removal of the cast it was apparent that his right thigh and leg bones were thin and weak What factors contributed to this thinning and weakening of the bones and what should the fireman do to improve the strength of these bones