ANTH 210: TEST 3
58 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
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domestic-public dichotomy
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private-public contrast. strong difference b/t home and outside world
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patrilineal-patrilocal complex
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male link, supremacy
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patriarchy
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political system ruled by men where women are inferior including basic rights
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intersex
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discrepancy b/t the external genitals and internal
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transgender
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gender ID contradicts their biological sex at birth and the gender ID that society assigned to them in infancy
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Gender ID
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whether a person feels and is regarded as male female or something else
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Sexual Orientation
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a person's sexual attraction to
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family
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group of people who are considered to be related in some way
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family of orientation
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the family in which one is born and grows up
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family of procreation
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formed when one marries and has children
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extended family household
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3+ generations
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descent group
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permanent social unit whose members claim common ancestry
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patrilineal descent
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people automatically have lifetime membership in their father's group
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matrilineal descent
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people join the mother's group automatically at birth and stay members throughout life. include only children of the group's women
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unilineal descent
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ex: matrilineal and patrilineal. descent rule uses only one line either male or female
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lineages
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demonstrated descent. come from the same apical ancestors. recite names of forebears from apical ancestor to present
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clans
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stipulated descent. merely say they come from apical ancestor
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patrilocality
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rule that when a couple marries, it moves to the husbands community
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matrilocality
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married couple live in wife's community
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exogamy
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seeking a mate outside one's own group (links people into a wider social network)
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incest
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sexual contact with a relative, but cultures define their kin and thus incest differently.
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endogamy
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dictate mating or marriage within a group to which one belongs
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caste system
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extreme ex. of endogamy in India
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dowry
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bride's family or kin group provides substantial gifts when their daughter marries
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lobola
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gift from husband and his kin to wife's kin
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plural marriages
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polygamy
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polygyny
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a man has 1+ wife
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polyandry
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woman had 1+ husband
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sororate
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widow marries sister or another from same group
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levirate
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widow marries brother
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capitalist world economy
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world system committed to production for sale or exchange, with the object of max profits, rather than supplying domestic needs
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capital
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wealth or resources invested in business with the intent of using the means of production to make profit
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world system theory
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identifiable social system featuring wealth and power differentials, extends beyond individual countries
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core
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the dominant position, includes the strongest most powerful and technically most advanced industrial nations
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semiperiphery
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intermediate b/t the core and periphery. lack economic dominance
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periphery
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the world's least privileged and powerful countries
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industrial revolution
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historical transformation (europe 1750) of traditional into modern societies through industrialization
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bourgeoisie
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upper class, owned factories, mines, estates
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working class/ proleteriat
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had to sell labor to survive
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imperialism
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policy of extending rule of a country over foreign nations
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colonialism
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political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people by a foreign power for an extended time
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postcolonial
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study of interactions b/t european nations and the societies they colonized
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neoliberalism
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current form of classic economic liberalism laid out in Adam Smith's famous capitalist manifesto
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Small-c communism
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social system in which property is owned by the community and in which people work for the common good
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Large-C communism
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political movement and doctrine seeking to overthrow capitalism and est. that prevailed in soviet union
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globalization as ideology/policy
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create global free market by International Monetary Fund (world bank)
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greenhouse effect
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natural phenomenon that keeps the Earth's surface warm
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climate change
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global warming
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ecological anthropology
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how cultural beliefs and practices helped human populations adapt to their environments & how people use elements of their culture to maintain their ecosystems
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ethnoecology
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society's set of environmental perceptions and practices
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westernization
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influence of western expansion on indigenous peoples and their cultures
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cultural imperialism
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spread/advance of one culture at the expense of others. imposition on cultures (modifies, destroys, replaces)
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indigenization
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how a globally spreading evangelical protestantism adapts to local circumstances
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diasporas
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people who have spread out from an original ancestral homeland
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postmodernity
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our time and situation: today's world in flux
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postmodern
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blurring and breakdown of est. canons (rules/standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries
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postmodernism
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style and movement in architecture that succeeded modernism 1970's
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essentialism
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process of viewing an ID as est. real, and frozen thus ignoring the historical processes within which that ID was forged
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ANTH 210: TEST 3