PUBH 3003: SPORTS IN A DIVERSE SOCIETY EXAM 1
29 Cards in this Set
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Three characteristics of sport
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Competition
Standardized rules and organization
Physical prowess/ability
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Sport sociology
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systematic analysis of social institutions and group forces within sport content
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Significance of sport
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sport is a highly influential institution on the same magnitude as the family, religion, and economy
Key understanding is to see sport as a microcosm of society
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Reasons why sport is so popular (4)
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uncertainty
tension/excitement
clarity (winner/loser)
opportunity
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Role of theory
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gives sport scholars credibility
To generate and understand phenomena, must rely on building blocks of science: description, prediction, explanation
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Two goals of role theory
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generate hypotheses
empirically test them
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Eleanor Mathany's theory
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sex-appropriate vs. sex-inappropriate sports
ex: tennis, golf=okay
football, boxing= not okay
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Continuum theory of sport
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in general there men's team sport athletes are on the end most popular, but occasionally there will a female athlete who enters that ranks
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Asymmetry of Naming Theory (Duncan & Messner)
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a relationship between minority status and pattern of naming
Black athletes: just first name
White athletes: full name
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3 sociological theories
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functionalism
conflict theory
interacionist
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Functionalism Sociological theory
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society works together due to cooperation and consensus
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Conflict theory
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tension, power struggle in society due to inequality based on race and gender
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Interacionist theory
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examine meaning and context individuals give to certain factors such as retirement from sport, sport rituals
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Impact of the industrial revolution
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shift from agrarian economy to urban industrialization and factory life
Perfect fit with sports, sports are outlets for stress and relaxation w/ Sunday's as "days off"
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Sport as an opiate of the masses
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Sports and physical activity great way to keep people occupied, let off steam vs. being angry at working conditions and rise up
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Role & Benefit of Sports
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sport as a socializing agent
sport as a unifier (the great equalizer)
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3 key elements of society's ability to function effectively
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order
continuity
predictability
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Three reasons significant others are directly involved in the socialization process
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primary connection
frequency of contact
control over reward and punishment
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3 dimensions of socialization and sport
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socialization into sport
socialization through sport
socialization out of sport
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Four mechanism of resistance or containment
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social facts (serena example)
constant comparison mechanism
Deny/alter reality mechanism
Selective gender comparison mechanism
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Significance of Title IX
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Most critical and unprecedented moment in women's sports
Most successful moment in women's sports
Most controversial moment in women's sport
Fundamentally alters landscape of what is acceptable for females
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AIAW (two key missions and two slogans)
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Provide leadership positions for females
Provide competitive opportunities for females
"A girl for every sport and a sport for every girl"
"greatest good for the greatest number"
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reasons AIAW didn't want to join the NCAA
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Did not want to emulate the "male-model" of sports which leads to elitism and corruption
NCAA "win at all costs" not consistent with amateur model of student athlete
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Pro's for joining NCAA
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enter sports "big time" with scholarships
Major media coverage
Travel expenses, corporate sponsorships
Women admins in AIAW get key positions in NCAA
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Con's for joining NCAA
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Will sell souls to the devil
Will lose control of own sports
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Rational & Significance of Title IX
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Before: at the mercy or good will of athletic directors
Advocates: advocates of women's sports now had a "big stick" to increase opportunities
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Overall impact of Title IX: 4 key changes
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unprecedented participation at all levels of involvement
first time in history there is a critical mass
sense of entitlement (including the parents of girls in sports)
Should women play sport is no longer an issue
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Title IX 3 prong test
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History of continuing expansion of women's sport
Meeting interests and abilities of undeserved population
Proportionality: gender ratio of undergrads should be reflected in the athletic budget/program
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Three compliance options for AD's
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Add women's sport
Drop men's non-revene sports
Downsize football: reign in unnecessary expenditures
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PUBH 3003: SPORTS IN A DIVERSE SOCIETY EXAM 1