ARHS 1003: EXAM 2
42 Cards in this Set
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Church of San Vitale
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532-537 CE
- Ravenna, Italy
- also uses a "central plan"
- full of light
- "vault of heaven" design
- finished by emporer Justinian
- walls covered in gold and decorated with mosaics
- Apse: has narrative and iconic imagery
- a lot of open arches inside to create an open flow of s…
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Court of Justinian
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San Vitale, apse mosaic
540-547
on Christs right hand side
archbishop Maximelian in gold on the left
court officials and military guards on the right
surrounded by 12 men
rich gold mosaic background
gold is often used to suggest the spiritual world
presented as the holy Roman Empe…
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Hagia Sophia
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The church meaning "Holy Wisdom"
Built by the Emperor Justinian in Constantinople.
Converted into a mosque
It's architects, Anthemius & Isidore
Arches, piers, pendentives (triangular segments), windows and arcades
Impression of light and space
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Great Schism
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Is a term used to define time period when there was two popes in the Roman Catholic Church in the late 1300s. This is significant because this is the event that started the decline of papal authority in Rome and was an embarrassing time for the Church. This symbolizes the low point of Rom…
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Saint Denis Basilica
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Church built by Abbot Surger
First Gothic building
Ambulatory: allows public circulation without disturbing the clergy
Nave: main body of the church, central approach to the higher alter
Geometric planning
Harmony, luminosity and lightness
Ribbed vault, pointed arch, and flying but…
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Ribbed Vault (Gothic architecture)
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A skeleton if arches or ribs on which the masonry could be laid
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Pointed Arches (Gothic Architecture)
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An arch with a pointed crown
Allowed for taller cathedrals
Strength=more windows and stability
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Flying Buttress (Gothic architecture)
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A half arch carrying the thrust of a roof or vault across an aisle to an outer pier or buttress
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Chartres Cathedral
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Make the high point of Gothic art
Artist: Suger
Holds some of the most impressive and well preserved 12-13th century stained-glass window paintings
Constructed on an elevated site to enhance visibility
Lancet and rose window (refers to Christ's twelve apostles
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Craft Gilds
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Masons, carpenters, painters, cloth makers, tanners, bakers, shoemakers or cobblers, apothercaries, and candle makers
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Door Jam Statues
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Content: Old Testament vs. New Testament narratives
Envangelizing and preaching
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Rose window stained glass painting
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Large and circular
Contains geometric shapes
Functions as an important tool for catechism and the divine light
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Book of Hours Life of Saint Denis Manuscript
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Most common type of surviving medieval illuminated manuscript
Illustrates the life and martydom of Saint Denis
Clergy on top section, people bottom section
"I am vine"
Bottom scene depicts everyday life
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The Merode Altarpiece
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Artist: Robert Campin
Tempura and oil
1st painting that illustrates everyday reality: dept, continuity, completeness
1st painting illustrating a domestic interior and the Virgin as a humble woman
Depicts the Annunciation
A triptych: composted of 3 parts
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Christian iconography
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Mary sits on floor: humility
water basin and towel: most clean
candle: divine light of God
roses: Virgin's charity
violets: humility
lilies: chastity
scroll and book: Old/New testament
rays of light: Holy Spirit
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Ghent Altarpiece
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Artist: Jan van Eyck
Oil on panel
Also known as the "Altarpiece of the Lamb"
Water fountain: washing away sins of worshiper
The 12 apostles in red
Adam and Eve have sinned and have been expelled from Eden
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Grisaille
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Painting technique by which an image is executed entirely in shades of gray and usually severely modeled to create the illusion of sculpture, especially relief
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Birth of Venus
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Artist: Sandro Botticelli
One of the world's most recognized works of art
Venus, Roman goddess of love, sex, fertility and prosperity
The birth of love and the spiritual beauty as a driving force of life
Exemplifies the Italian interest in classical and pagan themes
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Arnolfini Portrait
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Artist: Jan van Eyck
Basic elements of painting
She's most likely pregnant
Fruit on chest and window= natural abundance
Dog= fidelity
Candle burning= Christ's divine presence
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David
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Artist: Donatello
Most important structure of the early 15th century
Symbolizes the triumph of the underdog and of Italy's emerging merchant class
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The Dead Christ
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Artist: Andrea Mantegna
Tempura on canvas
Linear perspective: illustration system in which distant objects appear smaller than closer ones
Example of one-point perspective
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Madonna Enthroned
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Artist: Cimabue
Christ depicted with proportions of an adult
4 prophets represents the Old Testament as building blocks of the New
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The "Last Supper"
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Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Last meal of Jesus and the apostles
One point perspective, sfumato and a natural depiction of the human body
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Madonna and Child with Saint Anne
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Leonardo da Vinci
Sfumato: "to tone down"; produces soft, imperceptible transitions between colors and tones
Oil on wood
nature/geometry/landscape
3 generations(Anne, Mary, Jesus)
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Mona Lisa
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Artist: Leonardo da Vinci
Most recognized painting in the world
Also called La Giocanda
Nature, human form, geometry and character
Oil on wood
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Sculpture of "David"
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-Artist: Michelangelo
-Emerging merchant class triumphing over the noble class
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Sistine Chapel
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Artist: Michelangelo
Iconic frescoes of the ceilings
All scenes relate to Old Testament
God's creation of the universe
Adam and Eve: creation, temptation, expulsion
Noah and the flood
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Creation of Adam
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Artist: Michelangelo
Contrapposto: exaggerated figures of the body
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Madonna in the Meadow
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Artist: Raphael
Triangular composition
Highly skilled in sfumato technique
Future sacrifice of her son
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Venus of Urbino
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Artist: Titian
Oil on canvas
Illicit love vs marital love and fidelity
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Garden of Earthly Delights
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Artist: Hieronymus Bosch
Triptych
Pool of youth
Pool of death
Tree of life
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Netherlandish Proverbs
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Artist: Pieter Bruegel
Exemplifies moral principles
Christian genre and Classical imagery
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Genre Painting
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Teach viewers moral lessons
Stories happen in the space and time of the viewer
Little to no iconography
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Melencolia
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Artist: Albrecht Durer
Engraving
Portrays artists as having a saturnine personality
Contrast between mental states of black melancholy and the light of inspiration
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Boy with a Basket of Fruit
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Artist: Caravaggio (Michelangelo Merisi)
Oil on canvas
Illumination
Detail about nature
Sensual
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Chiaroscuro
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The use of light and dark in a painting to create the impression of volume
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Tenebrism
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Also called dramatic illumination) is a style of painting using very pronounced chiaroscuro, where there are violent contrasts of light and dark, and darkness becomes a dominating feature of the image.
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Gilding
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The covering of all or part of a work of art with gold leaf or some other gold-colored substance
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Self-Portrait in a Cap, Open Mouthed and Staring
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Artist: Rembrandt van Rijn
Etching
Use of black and white to convey character
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Cross-hatching
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a technique in which a series of lines are layered over each other to build up value and to suggest form and volume
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Vanitas Still Life
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Maria van Oosterwyck
oil on canvas
1668
Still lives were becoming more popular for selling
Crowded table: the items have a symbolic meaning
“Vanitas”: everything must come to an end; reminder of death (memento mori)
Emphasized by the skull and hourglass sitting in the clutter
Decay…
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Vanitas
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A painting whose subject matter deals with the vanity, fragility and transience of human life. typical objects in a vanitas painting are skulls, timepieces, musical instruments, and wilting flowers. the term derives from Ecclesiastes 1:2 ("vanity or vanities...)
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ARHS 1003: EXAM 3