HDFS 302: Exam One
131 Cards in this Set
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social mobility
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movement form one social class to another
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social class
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social position based on income and wealth
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women average ___ to ___ times the amount of time doing housework as men
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2 to 3
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household labor has traditionally been defined as
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womens work
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components of social structure
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culture
social class
social status
roles
groups
institutions
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master status
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major defining status or statuses that a person occupies
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family of orientation
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family you are born into
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family of procreation
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family created through marriage, partnering and parenthood
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fictive kin
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non-relatives whose bonds are strong and intimate
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family
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relationship by blood, marriage or affection and can cooperate together
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marriage
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institutional arrangement between persons to publicly recognize social and intimate bonds
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consequences of poverty
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inadequate health nutrition
quality of home environment
parental stress and mental health
fewer resources for learning
house problems
poor-quality neighborhoods
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individual discrimination
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one person exhibiting negative behavior towards another
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discrimination
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behaviors and actions based on racial/ethnic perspectives w/harmful effects
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ethnicity
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shared cultural characteristics
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institutional discrimination
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occurs when social institutions create policies and practices that are disadvantagous to groups
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race
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people who share real physical traits
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minority groups
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people who have less power that dominant group
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ethnic group
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groups that share cultural features
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survey
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useful for descriptive or explanatory purposes
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survey generates what kind of data
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qualitative and quantitative
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in-depth interview advantage
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provide detailed and high quality data
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in-depth interview
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gather in-depth info about a topic
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in-depth interview generates what kind of data
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qualitative
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survey limitations
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bias
low response rate
expensive and time conusming
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survey advantage
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generalize to larger population
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6 research methods
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survey
indepth interview
experiment
focus group
observational study
secondary analysis
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experiment advantages
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easy to replicate
assess cause and effect
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experiment types
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classical experimental design
quasi experimental design
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in-depth limitations
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expensive and time consuming
bias
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experiment
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for explanatory research
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experiment generates what kind of data
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quantitative
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secondary analysis advantage
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longitudinal
makes historical research possible
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secondary analysis limitations
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no control over what variables were included
no control of bias
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observational study limitations
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time consuming
observing w/out consent
replication is difficult
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secondary analysis
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for explanatory, descriptive or explanatory research collected for other reasons
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secondary analysis generates what kind of data
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quantitative and qualitative
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observational study advantage
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real behavior
usually inexpensive
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observational study
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in natural setting
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observational study generates what kind of data
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qualitative
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focus group limitation
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people may feel uncomfortable
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focus group advantage
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obtain data quickly and inexpensively
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focus group
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obtaining info from small groups of people
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focus group generates what kind of data
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qualitative
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experiment limitations
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bias
artificial quality
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polyandry
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wives have more than 1 husband
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types of polygamy
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polygyny
polyandry
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polygyny
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husbands have more than 1 wife
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polygamy
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more than one spouse at a time
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monogamy
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one man and one woman marry
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patriarchy
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men hold power and authority
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matriarchy
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women hold power and matriarchy
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gender
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socially constructed concept, mannerisms and habits
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sex
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biological differences in their role in reproduction
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social stratification
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hierarchical ranking of categories of people within society
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micro theories
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developmental theory
systems theory
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macro theories
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structural functionalism
conflict
feminism
social exchange
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macro-level
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focus on interconnectedness of marriage and families and relationships in society
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micro-level
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focus on individuals interactions in specific settings
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social exchange theory
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emphasized symbols we use in everyday interactions
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conflict theory
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issues surrounding social inequality, power conflict and social change
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structural functionalism theory
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family as institution
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systems theory
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family system larger than the sum of its individuals
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residence patterns
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neolocal
patrilocal
matrilocal
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patterns of descent
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bilateral
patrilineal
matrilineal
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neolocal
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newly married couple lives independently
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egalitarian
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shared power and authority
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social institution
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sphere of social life w/set beliefs and rules organized to meet basic human needs
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patterns of authority
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patriarchy
matriarchy
egalitarian
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6 characteristics of family functions
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regulations of sexual behavior
reproducing and socializing children
property and inheritance
economic cooperation
social placement
care, warmth, protection and intimacy
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william stephens definition of marriage
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socailly legitimate sexual union
public announcement
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bronfenbrenners ecological theory steps
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chronosystem
macrosystem
exosystem
mesosystem
microsystem
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chronosystem
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time
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macrosystem
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beliefs and values
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exosystem
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systems:
education
political
economic
government
religious
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microsystem
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same as mesosystem
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mesosystem
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family-->school-->peers-->religious affiliation-->workplace-->neighborhood
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androgyny
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possessing masculine and feminine traits in = proportion
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empirical approach
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answers questions through systematic collection and analysis of data
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matrilocal
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newly married couple lives with womans family
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patrilocal
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newly married couple lives with husbands family
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developmental theory
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families go through distinct stages over times w/each stage having own tasks
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symbolic interaction theory
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family interaction governed by symbolic communication
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goals of family research
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describe phenomena
examine factors w/phenomena
explain cause and effect relationships
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qualitative research
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narrative description to analyze patterns
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quantitative research
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data measured by numbers
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socialization
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process in which people learn rules, expectations and culture of society
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theory
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framework, explanation or tool used to describe real-life world
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role
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behaviors associated with statuses
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food insecurity
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lack of available nourishing food on a regular basis
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stereotypes
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oversimplified sets of beliefs about a group of people
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status
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social positions in society
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feminism theory
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gender seen as central concept for explaining family structure
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mixed methods
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when groups use qualitative and quantitative methods in one study
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prejudice
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negative attitude about people of racial and ethnic groups
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social capital
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social network connections
ex: shadowing someone in career youre interested in
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gender roles: adolescence
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trying roles to determine gender identity
more overt in enacting and enforcing gender stereotypes
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gender roles: pre-adolescence
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flexible gender roles
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gender roles ages 2-5
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endorse rigid rules for gender roles
play with kids of same gender
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gender roles: ages 0-2
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aware of gender stereotypes
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children are ___ by their gender
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defined
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gender socialization
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teaching cultural norms associated with male and female
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agents of socialization
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primary groups responsible for gender socialization
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sociological imagination
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personal experiences shaped by forces w/in larger society
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matrilineal descent
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lineage traced through moms side
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patrilineal descent
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lineage traced through dads family line
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bilateral descent
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traced through mom and dads side of family
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voluntary temporary sinlges
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unmarried adults delaying marriage while pursuing career of education
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voluntary stable singles
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unmarried adults desiring single lifestyle
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voluntary stable single ex
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priests and nuns
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involuntary temporary singles
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singles actively searching for mate but unable to find suitable one
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involuntary stable singles
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unmarried adults who can expect to be single for life even if they dont want to
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if you are not legally married you are considered ____
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single
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cross sex friendships
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friendship between man and woman that is strictly platonic
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womens friendship
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more verbal and intimate
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mens friendships
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less personal and more activity based
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calling
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dating practice where man would visit woman in parents home
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macro level frienships
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in the past family had lard influence over choice
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micro level friendships
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compatibility and interests
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principle of least interest
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whoever wanted the relationship the least had the most power
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____ delay marriage and adulthood
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adolescence
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dating scripts
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set of expectations about dating that are somewhat different for men and women
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gay emerging adulthood in college
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changing scripts
more egalitarian and fluidity in sharing
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homogamous relationships
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relationships in which we spend of our time with people similar to us
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propinquity
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geographic closeness
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pool of eligibles
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group from which we are likely to choose our mates
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most dating partners meet
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at school, work or through friends and family
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cohabitation
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arrangement in which 2 people live together without being married
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selection effect
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explanation for the fact that people who cohabit tend to be the same ones to divorce
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gay men: ___ to ___% in committed relationships
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40-60
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lesbians: ___ to ___ % in committed relationships
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45-80
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HDFS 302:Test