CHEM 102: Amines and Amides
49 Cards in this Set
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What are amines a derivative of?
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Ammonia (NH3)
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How do you name amines? (IUPAC)
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replace the "e"i n alkane to "-amine"
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When do you number amines to show the position of the -NH2 group and other substituents?
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When an amine has a chain of 3+ Carbon atoms
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Name this Amine:
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-N-CH3
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H
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N-methyl-1-butanamine
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What classification is this amine? CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2
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Primary
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What classification is this amine?
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Tetriary
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For the priority of functional groups in IUPAC names Does a carboxylic acid, amide, or ester have the highest priority?
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Amide<Ester<Carboxylic Acid
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For the priority of functional groups in IUPAC names does an amide, ketone or aldehyde have the highest priority?
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ketone<aldehyde<amide
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For the priority of functional groups in IUPAC names which has the highest priority, alcohol, ketone, or amine?
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amine<alcohol<ketone
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For the priority of functional groups in IUPAC names halide, alkane, or amine?
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halide<alkane<amine
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which has a higher priority, ester or an alcohol?
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ester
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which has the lowest priority, alcohol or carboxylic acid?
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alcohol
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What is the amine of benzene called?
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an aniline
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name this aniline
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N,N-dimethylaniline
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Why must there always be 3 H attached to the N in amines?
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Why must there always be 3 H attached to the N in amines?
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Why are the Hydrogen bonds of amines weaker than those found in alcohols?
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Because nitrogen is not as electronegative as oxygen, so the bond are weaker
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Are N-H bonds polar or non polar?
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polar, this makes it so that primary and secondary amines can form hydrogen bonds with water
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What is the common name for this amine?
CH3-CH2-NH2
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ethyl amine
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What is the common name for this amine?
CH3
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CH3-N-CH3
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trimethylamine
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How does hydrogen bonding effect primary amines?
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They have a higher boiling point than secondary amines
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Why do tertiary amines have the lowest boiling point of the three?
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because it's not possible for another hydrogen bond to form since there are already 3 present.
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Are amines solubil in water?
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Yes, primary are the most soluable, tetriary are the least
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Do amines react as acids or bases in water?
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Bases (they are weak though), the lone pair of electrons on the N (because there's an extra space, only 3 Hs are residence, there is a vacancy) is receptive and takes one of the H's from the water. The biproduct in this sort of a reaction is Hydroxide (OH-) (that's what happens to the lef…
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How is an amine salt formed?
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when an amine is neutralized by an acid
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How do you name an amine salt?
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by replacing "-amine" with "-amonium" followed by the name of the negative ion
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What are the physical properties of amine salts?
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ionoic compounds, solid at room temp, soluble in water
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What illegal drug is an amine salt?
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cocaine
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What are examples of heterocyclic amines?
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DNA and RNA
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what is a heterocyclic amine?
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a cyclic amine with a ring of five or six atoms, one or two of them are nitrogen
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What are alkaloids?
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physiologically active nitrogen-containing compounds produced by plants
They are used as stimulants, anesthetics, and antidepressants and are often habit forming
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Common alkaloids mentioned in the slides:
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Nicotine
Caffeine
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Amidation: How are amides prepared?
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by heating a carboxylic acid with ammonia or an amine
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How do you name amides IUPAC
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drop the "-ic acid" and add "-amide"
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what are amides made of?
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an amino group that replaces the -OH in a carboxylic acid
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What is the name for this amide?
CH3-Ch2_Ch2-CO-NH-CH3
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n-ethylbutanamide
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what is the name for this amide?
CH3-CH2-Ch2-Ch2-CO-N-CH2-CH3
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CH2-Ch3
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n,n-diethylpentanamide
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What isthe amide of benzene called?
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Benzamide
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Name this amide:
Ch3-Ch2-CH2-Ch2-CO-NH2
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pentanamide
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Name this amide:
Ch3-Ch2-Ch2-CO-NH-CH3
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N-methylbutyramide
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what does hydrolysis mean?
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water separation
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when does hydrolysis occur?
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when water reacts with an amide in the presence of an acid or a base
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Amides that undergo acid hydrolysis form
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carboxylic acid and an amonium salt
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amides that undergo base hydrolysis form
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a salt of carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia
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What does the hydrolysis of n-ethylpropanamide with NaOH form
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O
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CH3CH2CO– Na+ + CH3CH2NH2
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what does a neurotransmitter do?
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It's a chemical compound that transmits an impulse from a nerve cell to a target cell
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What does dopamine do?
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it's produced in the nerve cells of the midbrain and acts as a natural stimulant to give energy and feeling of enjoyment
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what does norephinephrine and epinephrine do?
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they are hormonal neurotransmitters that plan a role in sleep, attention, focus, and alertness
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What is serotonin's job?
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to help relax, and sleep deeply, peacefully, think rationally, and provides a wellbeing feeling and calmness
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What does hte hydrolysis of n-ethylpropanamide with HCl form?
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propanoic acid (propionic acid) and ethylammonium chloride.
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CHEM 102: Amines and Amides