107 Cards in this Set
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what were the two major industrial revolutions?
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-late 17th century- power loons, beginning of steam power, etc..
-late 18th century- internal combustion engine, assembly line, etc..
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third industrial revolution?
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present- combination of computers and big information and communications
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each of the two industrial revolutions caused what?
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creative destruction
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todays technology effect on skilled jobs called
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labor force polarization
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labor force polarization
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demand more for low skilled (drivers, cleaners, etc..) higher than for those of moderate skill level (college graduate)
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what is new to china
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they have never had to compromise with anyone, so this is new (result of protests)
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what is a direct challenge about the protests in hong kong?
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-longer protest, bigger problem
-the more people hear about it, the more people see they can ask for political change
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what is the dilemma with chinas government and the protests?
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cant decide to wait it out or crack down. risks spread or risks protestors making headlines
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most foreign power goes to which branch?
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executive
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what does the legislative branch do
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-budget
-"advise and consent"
-treaty
-war(limited)
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legislative branch has ______ say in foreign power
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limited
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rules that allow for obstruction/slowness in both the house and senate...
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majority votes win
-but speaker and committee chairs set the agenda (and bills have to go through a process)
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was there more party discipline in the house/senate in the past or present?
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much more now
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economist predicted that the election outcome would be:
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-republicans keep the house (may pick up some seats), and take back the senate
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why does the economist think republicans will take over the house and the senate?
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-republicans should prove they can lead, not just prevent
-obama will compromise more so he can lock in his presidency
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foreign policy that the election will effect
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-AUMF(Syria)
-Iran
-immigration (maybe)
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domestic issues that the election will effect
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-obamacare
-budget/spending
-debt ceiling
-supreme court
-cabinet (holder)
-keystone XL
-global warming regulation (EPA)
-tax reform
-TPP
-tax amnesty/Highway trust fund
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will these elections effect foreign or domestic politics more?
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domestic-congress is more domestic
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economists opinion about youth voting
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20%-30% for presidential elections. they are passionate about things but dont vote
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how many cases of ebola are there now
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about 10,000
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how many deaths have there been because of ebola?
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4000
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Where is ebola a real problem?
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west africa (infecting people at exponential rate)
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future trend of ebola
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WHO confirms 9200+ cases as of oct 14th
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how does ebola hurt the economy
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costs of how you treat the sick patients (isolation)
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soft power is
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using power without force
-fungible
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fungible
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the ability to convert forms of power to other forms of power
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soft power is the power of
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influence
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success is convincing states with multiple interests, managing multiple states, effective communication, international institutions, and coordinating all the relevant actors and their actions
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soft power definition
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what would enhance the US soft power with syria?
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if we are seen as really trying to help
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what would hurt the US soft power with syria?
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if we look like we arent trying enough-reputation
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ISIS soft power
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-making a good rep for themselves (PR/Media operation)
-however, US and other states are pushing their interpretation of ISIS
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Our direct action against ISIS (hurts/helps) their soft power (reputation)
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helps
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what is PKK
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kurdish terrorist/insurgent group that has used fore in the past to try to force Turkey to let the turkish kurds become independent
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why is the outcome of soft power negative in turkey?
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-turkey's declining reputation (fights w isreal, violence against kurds, reduced democracy, etc.) makes it harder for the EU to accept them
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how is saudi arabia's soft power?
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not good
-autocratic
-corrupt
-oil makes them lazy
-buys off the usa to help
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Saudi Arabia's soft power prevents them from becoming
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a regional power
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The euro-crisis is a
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economic problem with a political solution
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what is a problem with the euro crisis?
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moral hazard
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what is moral hazard
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rewarding the wrongdoer for wrongdoings
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How did Greece restructure its debt?
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(partially defaulted; some of the creditors didnt get paid)
-via an agreement with the international monetary fund (IMF)
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what was greece's agreement with the IMF?
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-required greece a huge budget cut in return for money and boost of confidence so greece could borrow again
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what is greece's cost to borrow money?
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9%
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what is the bigger problem in the european crisis?
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economic growth
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why is europe back in debt?
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they are borrowing more money than they can pay off
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euro crisis: low growth causes lenders to
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raise interest rates for loans( since they think the state is a greater risk for default)
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euro crisis: higher cost loans mean
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-less money for the state to stimulate the economy (more austerity)
-causes less growth
-which raises interest rates
-which causes less growth
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deflation definition
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where the cost of goods decrease over time
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is deflation good or bad for the economy?
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bad
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the economist thinks who will be close to deflation?
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EU and USA
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deflationary spiral
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prices/wages keep spiraling down until you have another recession/depression
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deflation raises the
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-cost of debt for states and people
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how do states/ people pay off debt?
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every month/6 months/year you make a fixed payment
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european debt crisis: what is adding fears in the EU?
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deflation
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normal solution to deflation and the euro crisis
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default and devalue currency
(only states can do this-not EU)
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which state holds a lot of power in the euro crisis?
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germany
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canadian terrorists: self radicalization
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-men had no connection to ISIS or al-qaeda, but have drifted to islam and then radicalized once there
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why is it hard to prevent self radicalization?
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-freedom of speech
-legit fears of government over-reach with data means people have privacy
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after the terrorist attacks on canada, prime minister harper does/doesnt want to get involved with ISIS?
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does
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canadians disagreeing with harpers beliefs is an example of
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longstanding debate of freedom vs. security: no clear resolution
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The taliban is
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name given to group of organized insurgents in afghanistan and pakistan
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when was the taliban the government of pakistan?
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2001
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taliban always been umbrella organization:
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groups of ideologically linked islamic fundamentalists (sunni) came together
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talibans goals in afghanistan
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-fight against US-backed government
-hope to take over again
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talibans goals in pakistan
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-some groups seek to overturn pakistan govt.
-some seek safe ground to train to attack on US or India
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US sees the taliban as basically equivalent to
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al-qaeda
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good things happening in Nigeria
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-growing fast
-exporting oil
-reforming economic system
-rising GDP
-reduced poverty
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bad things happening in nigeria
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-massive inequality
-most corrupt country in the world
-govt. is incompetent and ineffective
-islamic terrorist group (Boko Haram) is shifting and creating civil war
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what is Boko Harum
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sunni islamic and fundamentalist just like taliban, isis and al-qaeda. (but they arent connected)
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Boko Harum has grown now to
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10,000 fighters, captured nigerian army tanks, APCs, artillary
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Boko Harum has formed a _______ and have basically seceded from Nigeria
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caliphate
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why does Boko Harum have the ability to gain followers when theyre believe crazy things?
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-partly coercion
-nigerian govt has failed to help their people, so there is little loyalty
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what is nigeria's larger problem?
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inability to fix governance issues
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nigeria's governance issue
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-most their actions denefit corruption, so they are unwilling to change policy and inability to because the people cant do anything to change it
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how long has nigeria been democratic?
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since 2000
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due to nigerias poor democracy system:
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-no civil society
-no common set of beliefs in govt.
-trust in other people
-etc..
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consent means
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people will do what the government wants them to do, not necessarily what is best for themselves
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has oil prices gone up or down in the past few months/.
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down
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who wins with fall in gas prices?
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those who import oil
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who loses with fall in oil prices
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those who export oil
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who is the largest producer AND consumer of oil
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USA
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which state in the US may the fall in oil prices hurt
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north dakota
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is china an importer or export of oil
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importer-fall in prices is good for them
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why is the fall in oil prices good for china?
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gives them a chance to make progress on environmental issues
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for china, fall in oil prices can reduce what?
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reduce subsidies and make economy better over time
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subsidies definition
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non-tariff barrier that states use to effect trade and help protect their domestic industry
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what is one of the worlds most commonly subsidized things?
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energy/oil
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why is it difficult to take down subsidies? (economically)
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-sudden rise in price of gas/energy can cause recession (business/consumers cut back on buying things in order to spend more on gas)
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why is it difficult to take down subsidies? (politically)
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sudden rise in gas prices (which can cause a rise is all prices: transportation) angers people, who protest against govt.
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what is the good reason why govts. start subsidies?
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-economic development
-bringing energy costs within reach of poor people
-but then are trapped into keeping subsidies
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global oil price: europe
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-not a producer
-but a big importer
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why does india win across the board with the fall in oil prices?
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-b/c they are an agriculturally-dominated state
-reduces inflation: energy costs decline
-govt can spend a lot less to keep gas prices down because they subsidize heavilty
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Saudi arabia and global oil price collapse
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-loser: one of largest exporters
-will have huge loss of revenue
-lower costs will drive producers out of business which allows the state to capture more market share (for when price goes up)
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venezuela in global oil price collapse
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-loser: oil industry is owned by govt
-oils sales direct part of budget
-huge political problem and economic crash
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how much money does venezuela need to break even?
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$120 a barrel to break even
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iran in global oil price collapse
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-loser
-need $135 a barrel to break even
-pays 25% GDP to subsidize
-under sanctions for nuke program so cant borrow
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russia in global oil price collapse
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russia in global oil price collapse
-loser
-govt basically
owns oil companies
-budget based on oil revenue
-now putins plans for paying economic development, military build up and war in ukraine can not happen
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Iran's new generation is less interested in ______ and more interested in _____ ______
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-islam
-economic growth
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what is the key point between Iran and USA?
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iranian nuclear program
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iranian nuclear program: why?
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-prestige
-threat
-sovereignty
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the NPT(non-proliferation treaty) is
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weakening but not dead:
-8 states involved: USA, UK, France, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Isreal, Iran
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why is the iranian program and example of an IGO?
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-realism would push states to get nukes (pakistan, Iran, NK)
-but IGO is working to reduce that picture
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deal w iran: they get
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reduced sanctions (more money)
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deal w iran: we give up
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some of the sanctions (not all)
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deal w iran: we get
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more/better inspections
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what changed in iran that made them change their mind?
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-iran domestic politics
-2 interest groups (moderates and hard-liners=self explanatory after election)
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domestic changes in iran
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-religion down
-freedom up
-reduced birth rates increased education rates
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domestic iran: politics
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-strongly influenced by interest groups
-not democratic but not not democratic
-lots of patriotism (not nationalism)
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POLS 103: TEST 2