FSHD 117 Lecture 5 Outline of Current Lecture I. Freud’s Psychosexual Theorya. 5 Stages Modelb. Definition of fixationc. Definition of Oedipal Complexd. Definition of Castration Anxietye. Definition of Penis EnvyII. Learning Theorya. Definition of learningb. Operant Conditioningc. Reinforcementii. Definition of Social Currencyd. PunishmentIII. Piaget: Cognitive Stage Theorya. 3 stages of cognitive growthCurrent LectureI. Freud’s Psychosexual Theory- Importance of unconscious processes and the influence of early childhood experience. Sexual aggression and energy. Development expressed through activities assoc. with different body zonesA. 5 Stages Model- problems at these stages lead to “fixation”- Stage 1- Oral. Approximately first year i. Infant derives pleasure through oral activities:ii. Nursing, chewing, sucking, biting- Stage 2- Anal. 1~3 yearsi. Pleasure derived through: elimination, acquiring control over eliminationii. Potty training is key to this age group- Stage 3- Phallic 3~6 yearsi. Pleasure seeking is focused on genitalsii. Attention directed towards opposite sex parent( specific to heterosexuality)- Stage 4- Latency. 7~pubertyi. The stress of the phallic stage forces child into a latency stageii. Sexual energy is dormant while you start to develop same-sex peer friendshipsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. “Boys have cooties”- Stage 5- Phallic/ Genital. adolescence~adulthoodi. Final resolution of the oedipal complexii. Start rechanneling your sexual urges into mature adult sexualityB. Fixation: unresolved development conflictsC. Oedipal Complex: desire to be with opposite sex parentD. Castration Anxiety: Boys jealousy of father. Anxiety due to their want to be with their mother but recognize their father as more dominantE. Penis Envy: Girls blame mother for lack of penis, needed to relate more with their fatherII. Learning TheoryA. Learning- long lasting/ relatively permanent change in behavior based on experience. Not reflexes or instinctsa. BehaviorismB. Operant Conditioninga. Individual learns the consequences of ‘operating’ in the environmentb. A learned relationship between behavior and its consequencesi. Both pleasant or aversivec. Reinforcement: Increases the likelihood of behavior reoccurring. Usually a pleasant experience for a childi. “Social currency”: What is an effective operant for the specific individual?1. Ex. Hugs vs. moneyii. 2 types1. Positive reinforcement: applying reinforcement by adding a reward. (Positive refers to adding something ex. Giving a treat)2. Negative reinforcement: Removing something aversive ultimately resulting in a pleasant out come d. Punishment: decreases likelihood of a behavior reoccurringi. Usually unpleasant experienceii. 2 types1. positive punishment: adding something unpleasant as a punishment ex. Spanking2. Negative punishment: taking away something pleasant as a punishment resulting in an unpleasant experience ex. Loss of televisionIII. Piaget: Cognitive Stage Theorya. 3 stages of cognitive growth1. Organization: thinking that becomes more complex and integratedwith age.2. Schemes: organize patterns of behavior used in different situations.a. Infants and sucking schemab. Toddler & 4 legged schema: learn a word for dog and start calling everything with for legs “dog” until they can be taught the