ENVR_SCI 101 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. AnnouncementsII. POGIL 2.1: The Carbon CycleOutline of Current Lecture III. HomeworkIV. POGIL 2.1: The Carbon Cycle (2)Current Lecture III. HomeworkA. complete POGIL 2.1: The Carbon Cycle (2) for homework by TuesdayB. read e-text section 2.2 by TuesdayC. complete e-quiz section 2.2 by Tuesday IV. POGIL 2.1: The Carbon Cycle (2)1. How much carbon are humans currently adding to the atmosphere each year?-9gt2. How much of human emissions are being absorbed?-3gt3. What flow releases soil carbon to the atmosphere?-microbial respiration4. How much of human emissions are being absorbed by the ocean?-2gt5. As the planet moves back towards the sun, solar radiation increases and more land and ocean are exposed. What happens to global temperature?-temperature rises6. Explain what happens to albedo when the planet moves back toward the sun and solar radiation increases?-albedo decreases due to ice melt7. On the graphs at the right, what does the zero point on the y-axis represent?-departures in temperature in degrees Celsius8. Based on the graphs at the right, in approximately what year did the behavior of earth’s system begin to show a marked change?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-19109. Based on your knowledge of the world, what were humans doing at that time that could have caused this change?-industrialization, started using carbon as a fuel source10. What is being compared on the graphic to the right?-Northern hemisphere temperatures rising more and more rapidly.11. What is the anomaly for the central United States?-rapidly increasing temperatures due to industrialization12. What is the anomaly for the Pacific Northwest?-temperature remaining steady13. What is the most significant anomaly and in what regions of the earth is it occurring?-Siberia area, increasing the most14. Describe how temperature anomalies are related to albedo in the Arctic.-the North is where the anomaly is because albedo is decreasing due to the ice melt, so more dark land and sea are being exposed to absorb radiation 15. Describe a positive feedback of a warming arctic and methane release.-warming>melts soil>release more methane in atmosphere (repeat)16. If plankton and other shell-forming organisms do not have carbonate ions available to form shells, describe the potential impacts to the oceanic food chain?-plankton cannot protect themselves>they die>base of the food chain diminished 17. Describe one provisioning service, cultural service, regulating service, and supporting service that coral reefs provide?-food from fish, snorkeling, storm protection, habitat for sea species18. Corals are sensitive to changes in temperature and also utilize carbonate. How will impacts on coral reefs impact biodiversity?-air-sea gas exchange effected19. Corals are sensitive to changes in temperature and also utilize carbobate. How will impacts on coral reefs impact humans?-humans would not have access to fish and could not use it as a food source20. Consider your answers to #1-3. How can human activity decrease or increase plant carbon stocks?-The more carbon added to the atmosphere by humans, the more carbon that is taken up by plants.21. What flow releases soil carbon to the atmosphere?-microbial respiration22. Describe a change in forest management that could reduce losses of soil carbon.-limit amount of trees being able to be cut down, re-plant more