ENVR_SCI 101 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I. SyllabusA. Office HoursB. Course Focus C. Course PhilosophyD. POGILE. Point BreakdownF. PolicyII.EcosystemIII.Types of EcosystemsIV.Ecosystem ServicesV.SystemsVI. HomeworkOutline of Current Lecture VII. AnnouncementVIII. POGIL 1.0: Services and SystemsCurrent Lecture VIII. POGIL 1.1: Services and Systems1. What kinds of “things” (products and services) does a forest such as this provide?-oxygen, water, beautiful view, food, recreation, hunting, wood, soil2. Which of your answers to #1 could humans consume?-fish, wildlife, freshwater, oxygen3. Which of your answers to #1 could provide shelter?-wood (trees)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.4. In our daily lives, do people exchange money in order to provide “things” in #1-3?-yes5. How much did the forest charge the lumberman for the trees that he cut to provide wood for your house?-trick question, the forest cannot charge the lumberman6. Aside from producing wood, what else does the forest do?-shelter, shade, habitat7. If no money is exchanged between the lumberman and the forest, explain one way we could put value on a forest.-self-provisioning from hunting8. Provisioning services (things we consume and utilize).-lumber, food, water, fiber, electricity Cultural services (things that inspire, teach, etc.).-hiking, camping, hunting, existence values9. An ecosystem provided us with food we ate for breakfast. Think about the wheat in the cereal or about another product that you ate. What did humans need in order to grow that product?-nutrients, sunlight, soil, time, fossil fuels10. In a grammatically correct sentence(s), describe one regulating and one supporting service for each of which was necessary for the production of the breakfast product in #9.-includes soil, plant growth, water, nutrients, pollination11. What does the stream do for plants on its banks?-stream feeds the plants with nutrients from the water12. How do the plants on the bank impact organisms in the stream?-organisms from the stream use the plants as a habitat and provide shade13. Estimate the number of different organisms that you see in the picture. Howmany do you estimate that you cannot see?-TOO MANY TO COUNT14. How many interactions between organisms do you estimate?-TOO MANY TO COUNT15. Describe a significant impact that could alter the behavior of the mountain meadow ecosystem from humans.-trails, climate change, fires16. Describe a significant impact that could alter the behavior of the mountain meadow ecosystem in such a way that it would not be able to function as an ecosystem.-golf course, housing, volcanic eruption, deforestation, industrialization, parking lot17. The human population exists what kind of growth?-exponential growth18. What could happen that would change human population behavior?-economic downfall, disease, epidemic19. What is the stock accumulating in #17?-people20. What rate impacts additions?-birth rate and death rate21. What is the “rate in”?-birth rate What is the “rate out”?-death rate22. What factors impact the birth rate?-war (men gone), economy, medical knowledge, culture23. What factors impact the death rate?-war, disease, disaster, resource depletion, water depletion24. From #18, describe how the scenario impacts or is impacted by rates in or out of the human population.-disease would cause over abundance in death rates and most likely prevention of birth rates25. What are factors that would create growth in a group of wolves?-food, habitat, hunting, climate, humans26. In biological systems the upper limit that a population can reach in its ecosystem is called carrying capacity. This is also a system archetype called _______ to ______.-limits to growth27. The loops that close the cause and effect relationship between a condition and its growing or slowing action is called ______ loops.-feedback28. Draw a causal loop of a wolf population.29. Why does a fishing boat have little incentive to reduce the number of fish it catches?-economy30. Describe a policy or incentive that could prevent a tragedy with the fish population.-reducing catch limits and a applying a fine to people who break the limit