Acids and Bases LabProcedure 1. Litmus pH indicatorProcedure 2, 3 and 4. pH of common solutions, pH meter and pH calculationProcedure 5. Antacid effectivenessBio 3A Laboratory Name:_________________Acids and Bases LabProcedure 1. Litmus pH indicator1. What can you conclude about the pH tap water here Saddleback College?2. As you add acid, describe the color change. 3. What is the current pH of the solution (after you have added the HCl drops)?4. If you were going to make a cabbage salad and you wanted the red cabbage to be bright red, what dressing could you use? (you may want to use information from the following section)Procedure 2, 3 and 4. pH of common solutions, pH meter and pH calculationSolution pH paper pH meter pH calculatevinegar xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxhousehold ammonia xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxlemon juice xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxcola xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxblack coffee xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxhousehold bleach xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxnonfat milk xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxHCl 0.01MHCl 0.001MHCl 0.0001M5. Comment on the measured and calculated values for the HCl solutions:Bio 3A LAB: Acids and Bases Worksheet (rev.1/14/2019) Page 1 of 3Table 2. pH of some common solutions measured by paper, meter and calculatedProcedure 5. Antacid effectivenessAntacid Product Number of drops of acid6. Which antacid neutralizes the greatest amount of acid? Which one neutralizes the least?7. What can you conclude regarding the advertisements for these products?8. How did the baking soda behave in this test? Could you use baking soda instead of an OTC antacid for your “sour stomach?”Procedure 6. Measuring the effect of a buffer on pHNo. of drops of 0.1MHClPure Water Bicarbonate Sample024681012141618202224269. Explain any difference between the pH change of the water and the bicarbonate solution when acid is added. 10.Please create a graph of these data in Excel. Use a line graph, with one line indicating pure water pH and one line indicating bicarbonate pH. Please see page Figure 1 on p4.Bio 3A LAB: Acids and Bases Worksheet (rev.1/14/2019) Page 2 of 3Table 3. Effectiveness of some common antacids (one dose dissolved in 100 ml water) measured by dropwise neutralization of 0.1ml HCL Table 4. pH change after acid addition to water and bicarbonate solutionProcedures 7 and 8. CO2 production and pH11.How much time did it take for the color to change in the resting subject?12.What does this color change mean?13.How much time did it take for the color to change in the subject after exercise?14.Conceptual understanding to think about….Explain any difference in the time for colorchange to take place between the resting and exercise data.15.Our initial hypothesis stated that CO2 production would increase after exercise. What can you conclude? You will need to run the appropriate statistical analysis to answer this question.MATERIALS & METHODS AND RESULTS WRITING ASSIGNMENTBefore you begin to write you Materials and Methods and Results section for Procedure 7and 8, please read in K. Knisely “A Student Handbook for Writing in Biology” pages 47 to49 on Reading and Writing Scientific papers. Then read pages 51 – 74. Knisely providessome very good general guidelines for the Methods and Results section on pages 52 to69.Since the beginning of the semester, you have been asked to collect, analyze andgraphic represent data. You have also completed an introductory Materials & Methodsand Results paper based upon the data and figures you have already generated. In thatassignment, you were provided the pre-written Methods and Results sections and youwere asked to replace the X’s with your data and figure. For this assignment, you willnow write the Materials & Methods and Results section of a scientific paper. These arethe two easiest sections to begin with because you have already completed the projectand analyzed the data.Your instructor will go over with you the expectation in each section. If you have notalready done so, please read the aforementioned sections in Knisely before you writeyour paper. There will also be a grading rubric, available for download from thewebpage, that you can use as a guideline as well (Plan on taking some additional notesduring the laboratory discussion on this assignment). The laboratory worksheet associated with this lab is worth the normal 10 pointsThe Materials & Methods and Results writing assignment is worth 25 points. If yourassignment is not up the standards, your instructor will return it to you for revision.Please submit the revision AND the original paper. On the revision, you can earn up to amaximum of 20 of the 25 points. Each student will submit their own version for theMaterials & Methods and Results writing assignment.Bio 3A LAB: Acids and Bases Worksheet (rev.1/14/2019) Page 3 of