ATOC 1060 1nd EditionBased on Chapter 8 Lecture 12Outline of Last Lecture Guest Speaker PresentationOutline of Current Lecture I. CarbonA. Organic vs InorganicB. Major reservoirs for Organic CarbonC. Major components for Organic Carbon CycleII. Short term Organic Carbon CycleA. PhotosynthesisB. RespirationIII. Terrestrial vs MarineA. Short term Organic Carbon CycleB. Implications of human activitiesCurrent LectureI. CarbonCarbon: C6 - Building block - CO2 in atmosphere - Abundant in earth’s crust - Does NOT stay in the atmopshere - Natural processes cycle Carbon through differentReservoirsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Inorganic: dead, works on geological (very long) timescalesSome parts of organic cyclealso work on long timescalesOrganic: Alive, works onhuman times scalesHow long does carbon stay in a reservoir?II. Short Term Organic Carbon CycleTerrestrial Biosphere: all of the ecosystems on landPhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis: Process by which plants use sunlight to take up CO2 produce energy and release O2- Dominant process in the Spring/ Summer- Requires Sunlight Respiration Respiration: process in which energy and O2 are used and C02 is released- Occurs when plants die and decay, at night, or when an animal eats a plant- Is dominant in fall/winter- When a plant dies it decomposes and releases CO2- ALL animals undergo respiration - Every time you breathe, cells are respiring (Using oxygen producing CO2)Methanogenesis: production of methane by bacteria which is a small contribution to atmospheric C02Does not require oxygen (anaerobic) III. Terrestrial vs MarineHow does the terrestrial cycle return CO2 into the Atmosphere?Respiration: returns 1/2 that was taken up by photosynthesisDecomposition in Soil: returns 1/2 Methanogenesis: methane reacts with O2 to form CO20.1 Organic Carbon per year escapes the terrestrial cycle and moves from soil to rivers to oceansMarine Organic Carbon Cycle- Ocean is a massive carbon sink- mostly from inorganic carbon- Surface of the ocean: exchange between atmosphere and ocean - Deep Ocean: carbon transports away from the surface- Upper 100 m of Ocean is exposed to Sun light- Photosynthesis occurs here Above ground = leaves = photosynthesisBelow ground = roots = soil carbonPlants “fix” organic carbon and transfer it into soil in roots and fallen leaves.ZOOPLANKTON: ANIMALS- Consume plytoplankton- Respire, produce CO2 and use O2PHYTOPLANTON: PLANTS- Live in upper 100 m- Photosynthesize- use dissolvedCO2 and produce dissolves