8 30 2014 Connective Tissue Study tip 2 Be present at lecture both physically mentally Connective Tissues Cells separated from one another by an abundant extracellular matrix Figure 22 5 Histological layers of the alimentary canal from esophagus through large intestine Function 1 Connects other tissues and organs together Connective Tissue Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings 1 8 30 2014 Function 2 Forms skeletal tissue bone cartilage are CT http www oum ox ac uk thezone animals life move1 htm Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Function 3 Carries stores nutrients blood is a CT Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Function 4 Supports blood vessels nerves Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm neuromedia neurobio ucla edu Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings 2 8 30 2014 1 2 3 4 Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fig 4 10 Basic organization of connective tissue EXTRACELULAR MATRIX CELLS Extracellular matrix Ground substance protein fibers NON LIVING COMPONENT Cells Living component Figure 4 11 Areolar connective tissue a model connective tissue Elastic fiber Nerve Collagen fibers Ground substance STRENGTH comes from supporting protein fibers of Extracellular Matrix 1 Collagen fibers Strongest Most abundant 2 Elastic fibers Stretch rebound Reticular fiber Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Capillary 3 Reticular fibers Short fibers Support network Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings 3 8 30 2014 Figure 4 11 Areolar connective tissue a model connective tissue Nerve Ground substance Ground substance can be Jelly like CT proper Cartilage Fluid Blood Mineralized Bone Capillary Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 4 11 Areolar connective tissue a model connective tissue Nerve Connective Tissue is also Vascularized Innervated Capillary Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings blasts are immature cells that produce among other things the supporting fibers found in the extracellular matrix Subtypes Loose Dense 4 8 30 2014 Subtypes Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic Subtypes Compact Spongy 5 8 30 2014 Connective Tissue Proper Loose Dense Cartilage Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic Bone Compact Spongy Blood Fig 4 9 Classes of connective tissue CT Proper More ground substance fewer fibers than other CT types Support system for many large organs There are 2 subtypes of connective tissue proper Loose Dense Given what you know about the composition of connective tissue what might differ between a loose and dense connective tissue A A loose connective tissue would not surround another structure as tightly as a dense connective tissue B A dense connective tissue would have a higher concentration of fibers than a loose connective tissue C Cells of a dense connective tissue would be more tightly packed with lots of cell junctions 6 8 30 2014 Fig 4 9 Classes of connective tissue Most commonly supports epithelial tissues Fewer fibers than Dense CT Figure 4 11 Areolar connective tissue a model connective tissue EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX Elastic fiber Ground substance Collagen fibers Reticular fiber Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which cell type is secreting the fibers and ground substance found in Loose Areolar CT A Leukocytes B Chondroblasts C Osteoblasts D Mast cells E Fibroblasts Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings 7 8 30 2014 Figure 4 11 Areolar connective tissue a model connective tissue CELLULAR COMPONENTS Lymphocyte Mast cell white blood cell secrete histamine which causes INFLAMMATION Fibroblast produces fibers Macrophage phagocytic engulf foreign organisms particles Neutrophil white blood cell Plasma cell Fat cell secrete antibodies that mark foreign cells for destruction storage cell occur in clusters or alone Human Anatomy 5e by Marieb Mallatt and Wilhelm Copyright 2008 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fig 4 12b Loose Areolar CT Fig 4 9 Classes of connective tissue 8 8 30 2014 Fig 4 12c Adipose Tissue PROTECTION High concentration of fat cells 90 Found in hypodermis below skin Nutrient storage Fig 4 12d Reticular CT NETWORK of reticular fibers Found in organs like spleen where high concentration of blood cells Fig 4 9 Classes of connective tissue Resistant to stronger pulling forces More fibers than loose CT 9 8 30 2014 Fig 4 12f Dense Regular CT Collagen fibers run parallel to one another Ligaments tendons Fig 4 12e Dense Irregular CT Collagen fibers run in many directions NOT PARALLEL Ex Joint capsule Fig 4 12g Elastic CT High concentration elastic fibers Ex Large arteries 10 8 30 2014 Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva is a real disorder Which of the following do you think is the best literal translation of the name A Fibers of bone continue to grow B Displaced connective tissue continues to grow C Bone breaks down into fibers D Fibers are replaced by bone tissue E Progressive displacement of bone Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva FOP Figures from www ifopa org Henry Eastlack skeleton Normal skeleton What is a Membrane Copyright 2005 Pearson Education Inc publishing as Benjamin Cummings 11 8 30 2014 Epithelial Tissue E pi t hel i a l Ti s s ue C o n n e c t i v e Ti s s u e P r o p e r Membrane Connective Tissue Proper Figure 4 13 Covering and lining membranes Mucosa of nasal cavity Cutaneous membrane skin Mucosa of mouth Esophagus lining Mucosa of lung bronchi a Cutaneous membrane 1 CUTANEOUS skin b Mucous membranes c Serous membranes 2 MUCOUS line organs that open to outside of body 3 SEROUS Surrounds outside of organs and lines body cavities Figure 5 1 Skin structure Epidermis epithelium Cutaneous Membrane Dermis connective tissue 12 8 30 2014 Fig 22 5 Mucous vs Serous membrane Epithelium Connective Tissue Serous membrane Which is Serous which is Mucous Mucous membrane Connective Tissue Epithelium Copyright 2005 Pearson Education Inc publishing as