9/8/20141Come Join the CU BoulderIPHY Club for theKickoff Event!WHEN: 9/10/14 Wednesday @ 5 PM WHERE: Clare 111Come find out• If IPHY is the right major for you• How to get involved• What the IPHY TutoringProgram is• What IPHY Club events toexpectFree Food and DrinksCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsConnective Tissue:Cartilage & Bone(and your skeletal system)Study tip:Don’t recopy  REORGANIZE insteadFigure 6.1.1 Bone & Cartilage in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilages= BonesBones: approx 206 in ADULT•Hard, calcified matrix•Calcium reservoirCartilage•Provides flexibility9/8/20142Your skeletal system is an organ system. In addition to bone and cartilage, which of the following would you find as part of the skeletal system?A. NervesB. Blood vessels C. Epithelial tissuesD. All of the aboveE. None of the aboveCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 6.1.1 Bone & Cartilage in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilages= BonesBones: approx 206 in ADULT•Hard, calcified matrix•Calcium reservoirCartilage•Provides flexibilitySkeleton also includes:*nerves*blood vessels*epithelial tissuesFigure 6.2a Types of cartilage tissue.ExtracellularMatrix~80% waterChondroblastsCartilage is a Connective TissueChondrocyte9/8/20143What kind(s) of fibers can be secreted by the chondroblasts?A. Collagen, reticular, and elasticB. Collagen and reticularC. Collagen and elasticD. Elastic onlyE. No fibers are found in cartilageFigure 6.2a Types of cartilage tissue.LacunaExtracellularmatrixChondrocytein a lacunaMature cell maintains matrixPerichondrium*dense irregular CTChondroblastsNo blood vessels or nerves w/in the cartilageSecrete collagen & elastic fibers for supportBasics of cartilagehttp://www.courseweb.uottawa.ca/medicine-histology/English/Musculoskeletal/default.htmPC = perichondriumcb=chondroblastbv=blood vesselchondrocyteExtracellularmatrixChondroblasts found at margin between perichondrium and cartilagecartilage9/8/20144Figure 6.1.1 Cartilages in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilagesCartilages innoseArticularcartilageof a jointCostalcartilageArticularcartilageof a joint 3 types of cartilage:1. Hyaline2. Elastic3. Fibrocartilage Figure 6.1.2 Cartilages in the adult skeleton and bodyLarynxTracheaCricoidRespiratorytube cartilagesin neck and thoraxThyroidcartilage= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilagesCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFig. 4.12g Hyaline Cartilage•Most abundant•Mostly collagen fibers•Firm matrix that resists compression9/8/20145Figure 6.2a Types of cartilage tissue. HYALINE CARTILAGELacunaExtracellularmatrixChondrocytein a lacunaPerichondriumChondroblastsFigure 6.1.1 Cartilages in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilagesCartilage inexternal earEpiglottis3 types of cartilage:1. Hyaline2. Elastic3. FibrocartilageFig. 4.12h Elastic Cartilage•Mostly elastic fibers, but some collagen•Able to withstand repeated bending9/8/20146Figure 6.1.1 Cartilages in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilagesCartilage inintervertebraldisc PubicsymphysisMeniscus(padlikecartilage inknee joint) 3 types of cartilage:1. Hyaline2. Elastic3. FibrocartilageFig. 4.12i Fibrocartilage•Higher concentration of collagen fibers than hyaline; no elastic•Strongresists tension and absorbs compressive forcesCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFig. 7.14 Intervertebral discFibrocartilage portion of disc9/8/20147Cauliflower ear:A blow to the ear can result in the perichondrium separating from the deeper elastic cartilage, resulting in a hematoma and swelling. Cut off from its nutrient source, the cartilage dies and permanent scar tissue/fibrous CT forms in the damaged region.Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsBONE& the skeletonFigure 6.1.1 Bone & Cartilage in the adult skeleton and body= Hyaline cartilagesKey:= Fibrocartilages= Elastic cartilagesFunctions associated w/ skeleton:•Support•Framework & support for soft tissues•Movement•Works w/ muscular system•Protection•Hard covering for brain, spinal cord & other organs•Mineral reservoir•Minerals including Ca and phosphates stored in matrix of bone•Hemopoiesis (hematopoiesis)•Houses red bone marrow, which produces new red blood cells•Endocrine function•Osteoblasts secrete hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels9/8/20148Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummingswww.personal.psu.edu/staff/m/b/mbt102/bisci4online/bone/bone4.htmBones as organsEpithelial tissue (blood vessels) & nervesConnective tissueBone CT has hard, calcified matrixmineral storageDense CT Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsClassification of Bones by shapeFigure 6.2Flat, irregular & short bonesCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsSpongy bone sandwiched between 2 layers of compact bone9/8/20149Figure 6. The structure of a long bone (humerus)ProximalepiphysisSpongy boneCompact boneMedullarycavityDiaphysisDistalepiphysisYellow bone marrowYellowbone marrowEndosteumCompact bone•shaft•Dense CT•Osteogenic•Osteoblasts & osteoclasts•Adipocytes (fat cells)•Replaces red bone marrow btwn ages 8-18•May contain red bone marrow which actively generates RBCs (red blood cells) Section through head of femur showing compact bone, spongy bone, and red bone marrowhttp://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definitions/Bone%20MarrowCompact bone Spongy bone containing red bone marrowWhat type of cartilage would you expect to find on the epiphysis of a long bone?A. ElasticB. HyalineC. FibrocartilageD. AreolarE. Dense irregularCopyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings9/8/201410Figure 6.4 The structure of a long bone (humerus)ArticularcartilageEpiphyseallineEpiphysealplate (cartilage)Spongybone•Hyaline cartilageEpiphyseal plate  growth plate; site of active growth in long boneEpiphyseal line  ossified growth plate forms when growth complete•Hyaline cartilageHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson