Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Fig. 5.10b First, second, and third-degree burnsSlide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28HairSlide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41ScarsSlide 43Slide 44Slide 45Human Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.PresentingWhat Causes ALS?Christopher Link, Ph.D.Associate ProfessorDepartment of Integrative PhysiologyMonday, September 8, 12:00 p.m.GOLD Building (MCDB/Porter), Room A2B70Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a progressive, fatal motor disease. It is characterized by dysfunction and death of motor neurons, although there is evidence that this is not solely cell-autonomous. The classic histopathology in ALS is the appearance of abnormal cytoplasmic inclusions in affected motor neurons. In almost all ALS cases, these inclusions contain an RNA-binding protein called TDP-43… More info on IPHY website: www.Colorado.edu/intphys/events/colloquium.htmlHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Can a membrane also be considered to be an organ? Why or why not?A. Yes; by definition a membrane could be its own organ, but may also just be part of an organB. Yes; all membranes are there own organ because they consist of multiple tissue layersC. No; an organ has to have more than just 2 tissue layersD. No; it would have to be part of an anatomical system to be considered an organHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.CutaneousMembraneIntegument/Skin=cutaneous membrane = organSerous & mucous membranes are one component of an organIntegumenta rySystemStudy tip #3:Talk to yourself! For each powerpoint slide, describe what you see and what you know about the structures on those images.Whatcausestheskinonyourhandsandfeettowrinkle(thepruneeffect)whenyouspendtoomuchtimeinwater?THINK ABOUT THIS:Copyright©2005PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasBenjaminCummingsORGAN: a part of the body formed of 2 or more tissue layers that work together to perform specific functionsExamples: stomach, skin, lung, sweat gland, etcCopyright©2005PearsonEducation,Inc.,publishingasBenjaminCummingsLayer 1 =epithelial tissueLayer 2 =Connective tissueIntegument:•Covers surface of entire body•~7% of total body weight•Varies in thicknessWhich of the following statements is NOT true of the skin.A. the skin is involved in gas exchange between the air and deeper tissuesB. the skin can excrete several liters of fluid each dayC. the skin is a water-resistant organD. the skin has sensory structuresE. the skin protects deeper tissues from bacteriaFunctions of the Integument1. Water-resistant structure•Sebum (oil) & glyocolipids create barrier 2. Excretion of liquids and salts3. Sensory •Receptors for touch, temp & pain•Allow interaction w/ world around us4. Body temp regulation•Extensive capillary network, evaporation, and hair all play a role5. Protection•Stops & destroys bacteria•Protects from dehydration•Absorbs UV light but doesn’t completely block it•Too much damages epidermis•Some needed to assist in Vitamin D productionHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Figure 5.1 Skin structure.EpidermisDermisHypodermis(superficialfascia)Keratinized stratified squamous epitheliumLoose areolar CTDense irregular CTAdipose CTHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Thin skin:Epidermis has 4 distinct layersThick skin:Epidermis has 5 distinct layersHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Figure 5.3b Layers of the epidermisStratumcorneumStratumgranulosumStratumspinosumStratumbasaleDermisStratumlucidumStratum lucidum only present in thick skinHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Figure 5.3b Distribution of cell types in epidermisSensory nerve endingMelanocytesMelanin granulesMerkel cellDendritic cellKeratinocytesDesmosomesKeratinocytes: most abundant•Produce keratin•Connected by desmosomes•New cells produced at basal surface, oldest cells on apical surface•Replaced every 35-45 daysMelanocytes•Pigment producing cells•Found in stratum basale•Melanin granules transported to adjacent keratinocytesMerkel cells•Sensory touch receptors•Has associated nerve ending•Stratum basale layer onlyDendritic (Langerhans) cells•Phagocytic cell engulf foreign material•Primarily in stratum spinosumHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Dendritic cells in actionhttps://www.inkling.com/read/janeways-immunobiology-kenneth-murphy-8th/chapter-9/movie-9-2-dendritic-cellHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Figure 5.3b Diagram showing distribution of cell typesSensory nerve endingMelanocytesMelanin granulesMerkel cellDendritic cellStratumgranulosumStratumspinosumStratumbasaleDermisKeratinocytesDesmosomes(b)1 cell layer:•mostly keratinocytes (and stem cells)•Melanocytes (~10-25%)•Some Merkel cellsSeveral layers of cells:•Mostly keratinocytes•Some dendritic cells3-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes•Cells starting to die•Cells contain keratohyaline & lamellated granulesHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Keratohyaline & lamellated granules anatomy.iupui.eduKeratohyaline granulesLamellated granulesGlycolipid being secretedStratum basaleStratum granulosumStratum spinosumKeratohyaline granules form keratinLamellated granules produce a glycolipid which is moved outside of the cellHuman Anatomy, 5eby Marieb, Mallatt, and WilhelmCopyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,publishing as Benjamin Cummings.Figure 5.3b Diagram showing four layers